Determination of the Required Power Response of Inverters to Provide Fast Frequency Support in Power Systems with Low Synchronous Inertia

Rubio, Alejandro; Behrends, Holger; Geißendörfer, Stefan; Maydell, Karsten von; Agert, Carsten

doi:10.3390/en13040816

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…The influence of the grid constraints in the operation of an energy system is more relevant as the share of sector-coupling technologies and renewable sources to be incorporated into the energy system is considerably increased as shown in Table 2. The interaction between different energy sectors may cause some grid events [26][27][28] but it can also, with a proper control strategy, provide some flexibility to the grid [29,30]. From the simulation results, it was found that the methodology here proposed is capable of reducing the energy curtailment up to 45% by adapting to the economical dispatch, the technical grid constraints.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Optimal Power Dispatch in Energy Systems Considering Grid Constraints

Rubio¹,

Schuldt²,

Klement³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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As a consequence of the increasing share of renewable energies and sector coupling technologies, new approaches are needed for the study, planning, and control of modern energy systems. Such new structures may add extra stress to the electric grid, as is the case with heat pumps and electrical vehicles. Therefore, the optimal performance of the system must be estimated considering the constraints imposed by the different sectors. In this research, a dispatch optimization method with an iterative grid constraint generation, decoupled from the linear unit commitment problem, is employed. From the considered scenarios, it was found that in a typical German neighborhood with 150 households, PV penetration of &sim;5kWp per household can lead to curtailment of &sim;60MWh per year due to line loading. Furthermore, the proposed method eliminates grid violations due to the addition of new sectors reducing the curtailment up to 60%. With the optimization of the heat pump operation, an increase of 7% of the self-consumption was achieved with similar results for the combination of battery systems and electrical vehicles. In conclusion, a safer and optimal operation of a complex energy system is fulfilled. Safer control strategies and more accurate plant sizing could be derived from this work.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Optimal Power Dispatch in Energy Systems Considering Grid Constraints

Rubio¹,

Schuldt²,

Klement³

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The integration of different sector coupling technologies may cause some grid events in the low voltage grids [28][29][30]. However, with a proper control strategy, such technologies can also provide some flexibility to the grid [31,32]. In the scenarios with flexibility options, the method re-schedules the power dispatch from these technologies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Power Dispatch in Energy Systems Considering Grid Constraints

Rubio¹,

Schuldt²,

Klement³

et al. 2021

Energies

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As a consequence of the increasing share of renewable energies and sector coupling technologies, new approaches are needed for the study, planning, and control of modern energy systems. Such new structures may add extra stress to the electric grid, as is the case with heat pumps and electrical vehicles. Therefore, the optimal performance of the system must be estimated considering the constraints imposed by the different sectors. In this research, an energy system dispatch optimization model is employed. It includes an iterative approach for generating grid constraints, which is decoupled from the linear unit commitment problem. The dispatch of all energy carriers in the system is optimized while considering the physical electrical grid limits. From the considered scenarios, it was found that in a typical German neighborhood with 150 households, a PV penetration of ∼5 kWp per household can lead to curtailment of ∼60 MWh per year due to line loading. Furthermore, the proposed method eliminates grid violations due to the addition of new sectors and reduces the energy curtailment up to 45%. With the optimization of the heat pump operation, an increase of 7% of the self-consumption was achieved with similar results for the combination of battery systems and electrical vehicles. In conclusion, a safe and optimal operation of a complex energy system is fulfilled. Efficient control strategies and more accurate plant sizing could be derived from this work.

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“…1.75 s from the moment of the contingency. That means that if an alternative UFLS method is to bring added value to the Baltic power grid it should provide triggering considerably faster than 1.75 s. [35] states that a fast response for frequency stabilization should be activated faster than 800 ms in situations with ROCOF of around 1 Hz/s.…”

Section: The Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Power System Frequency with a Novel Load Shedding Method Including Monitoring of Synchronous Condensers’ Power Injections

et al. 2021

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Under-frequency load shedding (UFLS) is a classic and a commonly accepted measure used to mitigate the frequency disturbances in case of loss-of-generation incidents in AC power grids. Triggering of UFLS is classically done at frequency thresholds when system frequency collapse is already close to happening. The renewed interest for synchronous condensers due to the global trends on massive commissioning of non-synchronous renewable power generation leading to reduction of system inertia gives an opportunity to rethink the approach used to trigger load-shedding activation. This question is especially relevant for the Baltic states facing a desynchronization from Russian power grid and a necessity to operate in an isolated island mode. The main goal of this paper is to introduce a predictive load shedding (LS) method without usage of either frequency or ROCOF measurements based on the monitoring of active power injections of synchronous condensers and to prove the efficiency of the concept through several sets of case study simulations. The paper shows that the proposed approach can provide a greatly improved frequency stability of the power system. The results are analyzed and discussed, the way forward for the practical implementation of the concept is sketched.

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Determination of the Required Power Response of Inverters to Provide Fast Frequency Support in Power Systems with Low Synchronous Inertia

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

Optimal Power Dispatch in Energy Systems Considering Grid Constraints

Optimal Power Dispatch in Energy Systems Considering Grid Constraints

Optimal Power Dispatch in Energy Systems Considering Grid Constraints

Enhancing Power System Frequency with a Novel Load Shedding Method Including Monitoring of Synchronous Condensers’ Power Injections

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