Determination of the Quaternary Ammonium Compounds Dequalinium and Cetylpyridinium Chlorides in Candy-based Lozenges by High-performance Liquid Chromatography

Abstract

The retention behavior of the quaternary ammonium compounds benzalkonium chloride, cetylpyridinium chloride and dequalinium chloride on a 100 x 4.6 mm id cyanopropyl stationary phase column is reported as a function of organic modifier and ionic hydrophobic mobile phase additive concentrations. Optimum liquid chromatographic mobile phases using different mobile phase additives are reported which are suitable for the determination of cetylpyridinium chloride and dequalinium chloride in a variety of candy-based lozenge formulations. The quantitative aspects of assays based on the separation of active ingredients and formulation excipients were established. The generality of application of the assay methods was evaluated by determining the quaternary ammonium content of different lozenges and comparing the values obtained with the stated dose.

Detection of cationic surfactants in oral rinses and a disinfectant formulation using matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry

“…Additional analytical methods for use in cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations include the use of high‐voltage agar gel electrophoresis 6. Although numerous methods have been used for the detection of cationic surfactants, these methods are time‐consuming and labor‐intensive,7,, 8 and non‐specific 5. On the other hand, the relative simplicity and versatile applicability of high‐resolution matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOFMS) has facilitated the routine analysis of a wide‐range of molecules.…”

Application of the HPLC method for benzalkonium chloride determination in aerosol preparations

“…In the available literature, columns with NH 2 functional groups [6], reverse phase columns [7,8] and columns with cyan packing [4,9,10,11] were used for BAC determination. In our study, when a Kromasil 5, 100 Å, NH 2 , 5 m, 250 mm × 4.6 mm column and acetate buffer with acetonitrile were used as the mobile phase, no peaks were obtained on the chromatogram.…”

Optimization of hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatographic method for simultaneous determination of cetylpyridinium chloride and benzocaine in lozenges

“…The surface silanol groups on the bare silica stationary phase (pKa ~ 4) [18] are negatively charged at pH 7.0. Cetylpyridinium chloride as a quaternary ammonium salt [1] is positively charged at pH values bellow 7.0. The increased retention of cetylpyridinium chloride at pH 7.0 may be explained by the electrostatic interaction between the anionic silanol groups and the cationic groups of cetylpyridinium chloride.…”

“…Quaternary ammonium compounds are widely used in lozenges formulations for their antimicrobial activity in treatment of common infections of mouth and throat. Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), a cationic surfactant which acts as antibacterial agent, is the most commonly used active substance in these preparations [1]. In addition to the antibacterial agent, lozenges for treatment of mouth infections can contain a local anesthetic, which is usually benzocaine (BC).…”