Determination of the prevalence of polychlorinated diphenyl ethers (PCDPES) in human adipose tissue samples

Influence of iron and copper oxides on polychlorinated diphenyl ether formation in heterogeneous reactions

“…PCDEs mainly arise as by-products of technical chlorophenols and chlorinated phenoxyacetic acids during incomplete combustion (Nevalainen and Koistinen 1994). PCDEs are a group of ubiquitous pollutants, which have been detected in a number of environmental samples including sediments, mussels, fish, birds, seals, foodstuffs, and human tissue (Sinkkonen and Paasivirta 2000;Stanley et al 1990; Koistinen et al 1995aKoistinen et al , 1997Niimi et al 1994). Wide distribution, high lipophilicity, and persistence of PCDEs have raised concern about their bioaccumulation, their potential biomagnification in the food webs, and their adverse effects (Domingo et al 2006;Xu et al 2010).…”

Mechanism of polychlorinated diphenyl ether formation on a simulated fly ash surface

“…Polychlorinated diphenyl ethers (PCDEs) are a group of ubiquitous pollutants, which have been detected in a number of environmental samples including sediments, mussels, fish, birds, seals, foodstuffs, and human tissue [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Because of their structural similarity to dioxins, PCDEs exhibit toxicological properties similar to dioxins, having long half-lives and accumulating in the food chain [9][10][11].…”

Formation of polychlorinated diphenyl ethers from condensation of chlorophenols with chlorobenzenes

“…Moreover, PCDEs are a group of ubiquitous pollutants and can bioaccumulate in the food chain. In fact, PCDEs have been determined in a number of environmental samples including sediments, fish, cod liver oils, bird eggs, white-tailed eagle muscles, salmon and human adipose tissue (Sinkkonen and Paasivirta 2000, Stanley et al 1990, Koistinen et al 1995, 1997, Nevalainen et al 1994. In addition, the levels of PCDEs are often higher than those of PCDFs in the environment.…”