Determination of the Number of Required Charging Stations on a German Motorway Based on Real Traffic Data and Discrete Event-Based Simulation

Abstract

To make travelling with electric vehicles (EVs) over long distances as convenient as travelling with traditional vehicles, charging stations along motorways are necessary. Furthermore, waiting times for free charging points must be short to enable a fast onward journey, and this also on days with heavy traffic volumes. To determine the required number of charging stations in more detail, a model was created that simulates the process of arriving and leaving cars at a charging park based on real traffic data. For the traffic data, a location and date in the Munich region were chosen that represent a peak demand and thus a “worst case” scenario. The ability to cover such scenarios as well seems to be important because otherwise severe congestion with long waiting times would appear on days with heavy traffic, which would make the use of EVs very unattractive. It turned out that 150 to 600 charging stations – depending on the considered scenario – would be necessary to charge proportions of 10% to 20% of all passing cars.

A New Approach to Use of Traction Power Network in Poland for Charging Electric Vehicles

“…The use of railway power infrastructure to charge electric vehicles is not a frequently used solution. However, there are several technical solutions regarding charging, power supply and the intercorrelation of electric vehicles with electric traction networks (mainly with urban traction networks powering trams, metro and trolleybuses) [1,[12][13][14][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26].…”

“…The development of electromobility in the context of covering longer distances was dealt with by the author of publication [26]. The author developed a model simulating a journey, taking into account arrival and entry to the charging station based on real traffic data, to determine the required number of charging stations.…”

“…There are no implemented solutions that directly use RPI for EV charging, but after familiarizing ourselves with the structure of RPI and the proposals presented in the literature [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26], it can be concluded that it is technically possible to use RPI for the development of electromobility.…”

Proposal of the risk assessment model of vehicle construction systems' safety under the conditions of Industry 4.0

“…Taking a view on the contemporary research of the digitization of the work environment is necessary to keep health and safety in the digitized world. Digitization enables saving and processing data much better, they are more easily accessible and clearer with the help of algorithms [22]. Digitalization promises a marked increase in productivity for societies affected.…”

Assessing the Impact of Three-Wheelers on Traffic Flow in India: A Case Study Using Ann

“…They also found that standing vehicles and at speeds below 15 th percentile speeds produce much higher CO 2 to the environment and the reason is attributed to intersections and SMVs. An increase in EVs and autonomous vehicles can decrease the proportions of SMVs like 3-wheelers, which impact the traffic flow, [35]. Therefore, it can be said that many researchers have directly or indirectly addressed the problems faced by SMVs on the road, but have not much assessed it as their objectives were different.…”