Determination of the Mechanical Properties of Powdered Agricultural Products and Sugar

Ramírez, Álvaro; Ignacio, M; Ayuga, Francisco

doi:10.1002/ppsc.200800016

Cited by 35 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…These differences ranged between 183% for 'Camacho' wheat and 241% for sunflower. Similar differences were observed by Rusinek and Molenda (2007) for rapeseed and by Ramirez et al (2009) when using the same types of surfaces with powdered agricultural products such as confectioner sugar and granulated sugar. Very small values (0.135±0.002) for the coefficient of friction between wheat and smooth galvanized steel were obtained by Molenda et al (2002a).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…However, they could not find a clear explanation for this case. Ramirez et al (2009) observed that the values for the angle of internal friction were higher when using triaxial tests than those obtained from direct shear tests for tests conducted using powdered agricultural products and sugar.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…The greater the lateral pressure applied, the lower the values of Poisson ratio (as stated in Moya et al, 2002and Ramirez et al, 2009 for powdered agricultural materials). However, for 'Camacho' wheat, for tests conducted at 0.19 mm min -1 using the specimen 38.1 mm in diameter, the value of this material property was the same at the three lateral pressures applied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical properties of some granular agricultural materials used in silo design

Ignacio¹,

Rodríguez²,

Ayuga³

2013

International Agrophysics

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A b s t r a c t. The aim of this research was to provide values for different material properties considered in either traditional or more recent numerical silo design methods. Different samples of granular agricultural materials commonly stored in silos were tested. Common geotechnical devices have been used in order to make the replications easier. Based on these experiments it was determined that the different material properties were not affected by the test velocity, except in the case of Poisson ratio. From a practical point of view, the test velocity correlates well with the sliding velocity of grain during discharge. The values obtained for material properties considered in traditional silo design methods were similar to those reported by other authors. No significant differences were observed in the results obtained when using either the square shear box or the circular shear cell. The same conclusion was reached when comparing the results from direct shear tests with preconsolidated and unconsolidated samples. This means that simplified devices and procedures can be used in agricultural grains against other products. Finally, a table with the recommended values for the different parameters determined for each sample tested was provided in this work.K e y w o r d s: granular material, mechanical testing, friction, Poisson ratio, dilatancy

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical properties of some granular agricultural materials used in silo design

Ignacio¹,

Rodríguez²,

Ayuga³

2013

International Agrophysics

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“…Its design ( Figure 2) was based on the Casagrande shear box (CG WFT) which allows relative displacement of parts of the box to be controlled [52,53]. Direct shear tests were used to determine the particle-to-wall friction coefficient.…”

Section: Casagrande Shear Box -Cg Wftmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, standard characterization methods used for flow properties of common granular solids are not always suitable for biomass materials. A significant problem is that conventional shear testers have been mainly developed for measuring frictional and cohesive properties of bulk solids with non-fibrous rigid and generally homogeneous particle shapes as well as with particle top sizes below a few millimeters [22][23][24]. Few biomass materials have particle size, stiffness and shape distributions that meet these requirements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment on bulk solids best practice techniques for flow characterization and storage/handling equipment design for biomass materials of different classes

Berry

Larsson

Lestander

et al. 2015

Fuel Processing Technology

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This paper shows the results of a collaborative project in which four different laboratories have carried out complementary characterization tests on samples of the same set of lignocellulosic biomass materials with the objectives of better understanding their properties and identifying any critical features of the different characterization procedures. Three different types of material were used as model biomasses: 1) Scots pine wood chips, as an example of a coarse and flaky particulate biomass with some elastic properties; 2) chopped straw of reed canary grass as a nesting biomass having long and flaky fibers; 3) Scots pine wood powder as a fine particulate with elastic and cohesive properties. Particle size and shape analyses were carried out with; calipers, 2D image analysis, 3D image analysis (ScanChip) and through mechanical sieving. Applications and validity limits of each of these techniques are evaluated and discussed. The flow function and internal friction 2 were determined with a Schulze ring shear tester, a Brookfield powder flow tester and a large ring shear tester. No significant differences in the results generated by these shear testing techniques were found. Wall friction measurements were carried out with a Schulze ring shear tester; a Brookfield powder flow tester; a large Jenike shear tester and a Casagrande shear box. Results, in this case, showed significant differences with a higher wall friction coefficient obtained with the larger shear cell. Additionally, tensile strengths of biomass materials were measured by the use of a novel measurement technique. Arching tests were carried out in a pilot scale plane silo with variable hopper geometry and results were compared with those predicted by applying the Jenike procedure and a modified procedure which assumed tensile strength was the controlling material property (rather than unconfined yield strength). Finally, safety of handling and storage was assessed by carrying out explosion tests on dusts from Scots pine and reed canary grass.KEYWORDS: lignocellulosic biomass, particle size, particle shape, flowability, arching, explosion RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Suitable test methods were classified for three biomass classes  Different particle sizing methods give a wide range of results  Shear tests do not discriminate flowability differences between the biomass classes  Arching behavior depends more on tensile strength than on compressive strength  Scots pine and reed canary grass dusts are flammable

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Consideration of the stress dependence of the bulk density in silo storage of dusts from dry off-gas cleaning

Lanzerstorfer

2017

Advanced Powder Technology

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Determination of the Mechanical Properties of Powdered Agricultural Products and Sugar

Cited by 35 publications

References 18 publications

Mechanical properties of some granular agricultural materials used in silo design

Mechanical properties of some granular agricultural materials used in silo design

Assessment on bulk solids best practice techniques for flow characterization and storage/handling equipment design for biomass materials of different classes

Consideration of the stress dependence of the bulk density in silo storage of dusts from dry off-gas cleaning

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