Determination of the iron bioavailability, conformation, and rheology of iron‐binding proteins from Tegillarca granosa

Abstract

Iron deficiency is one of the most common nutrient deficiencies. It can lead to anemia and related dysfunctions and it's estimated that worldwide, nearly 30% of the population who are iron deficient will also have anemia (Dickson et al., 2019; Kedir et al., 2019). Iron deficiency is usually prevented and treated with iron supplementation, which has a number of associated side effects. For example, an excess amount of residual iron with low bioavailability can promote the growth of intestinal pathogens, causing the hepatic inflammation (Koji et al., 2018). About 10% of our daily iron needs normally come from our diet (Zhang et al., 2018) and there has been an increased scientific interest in identifying iron-rich foods and examining iron bioavailability with the aim of helping supplement iron levels through diet. Tegillarca granosa (T. granosa), also known as the blood clam, is an important commercial marine bivalve widely distributed along the coasts of the Indo-Pacific region (Jin et al., 2011). Although T. granosa is rich in heme iron and has been described as a high-quality food source of iron, the quantity, type, and bioavailability of the iron in T. granosa has not been fully investigated. While iron can exist in the iron-binding proteins (IBPs) hemoglobin and ferritin (Sun & Guo, 2012).

Preparation, characterization, and properties of wampee seed antioxidant peptides‐iron chelate

“…The α‐helix and random coil structures transformed into the β‐structures during the chelation process further confirm the formation of granular morphology and the shift of characteristic absorption peaks (Liu et al, 2019a; Recio et al, 2019). Similar results are also observed in calcium‐binding casein hydrolysates (Recio et al, 2019) and iron‐binding Tegillarca granosa proteins (Li et al, 2021).…”

Purification and identification of a novel hypotensive and antioxidant peptide from porcine plasma

“…These experiments were conducted following the method described by Li et al , 19 . with some modifications.…”

“…These experiments were conducted following the method described by Li et al, 19 with some modifications. Five milliliters of the synthetic peptide solution (1 mg mL −1 ) was adjusted to pH 2.0.…”

Identification of novel antioxidant peptide from porcine plasma hydrolysate and its effect in in vitro digestion/HepG2 cells model

“…According to the method of Li et al (2020) with some modifications. A 1 mg synthetic peptide was formulated into 1 mg/ml solution by deionized water and the pH of solution was adjusted to 2.0 by 0.1 M HCl.…”

“…Hydrolysis degree and molecular weight were determined by the method of Li et al (2020) with some modifications. A 2.5 ml supernatant was mixed with 2.5 ml 10% trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and stood for 10 min before centrifugation (3,000 rpm/min, 15 min).…”