Determination of the hydrocarbon composition of crude oils

Tomskaya, L. A.; Makarova, N. P.; Ryabov, V. D.

doi:10.1007/s10553-008-0052-z

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Setelah terpapar suhu panas, minyak akan rusak dan menimbulkan bau tengik, berubah menjadi kental, berbusa (Susinggih et al, 2005), serta kandungan Free Fatty Acid (FFA) akan semakin meningkat (Aminah, 2010). Minyak bekas penggorengan ini dinamakan minyak jelantah (Tomskaya et al, 2008;Hajar dan Mufidah, 2016).…”

Section: Pembuatan Sabun Cuci Piringunclassified

Penerapan IPTEK melalui Pelatihan Pemanfaatan Limbah Minyak Jelantah sebagai Sabun Cuci Piring pada Masyarakat Kecamatan Teluk Batang

Safitri

Kushadiwijayanto

Sofiana

et al. 2021

jceh

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Kecamatan Teluk Batang mengalami pertumbuhan penduduk setiap tahunnya, dimana salah satu dari sembilan bahan pokok yang dikonsumsi oleh seluruh lapisan masyarakatnya adalah minyak goreng. Pada umumnya, minyak goreng yang dikonsumsi adalah minyak kelapa yang dapat digunakan sebanyak 1-3 kali penggorengan. Namun, penggunaan secara berulang-ulang akan mengakibatkan perubahan warna dan mengakibatkan asam lemak dalam minyak tersebut menjadi semakin jenuh. Jumlah penduduk yang semakin bertambah, peningkatan kapasitas berbagai industri makanan, restoran, serta usaha kedai fastfood memberikan dampak signifikan terhadap peningkatan jumlah limbah minyak goreng bekas (jelantah). Minyak jelantah dianggap sudah tidak mempunyai nilai ekonomis sehingga sering dibuang langsung ke lingkungan dan tidak diolah kembali. Pemanfaatan minyak jelantah menjadi produk sabun merupakan salah satu cara yang dapat dikembangkan untuk mengurangi limbah rumah tangga. Pelatihan ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan IPTEK dalam pemanfaatan limbah minyak jelantah sebagai sabun cuci piring pada masyarakat Kecamatan Teluk Batang. Pelatihan diawali dengan proses penjernihan sampel minyak jelantah, dilanjutkan dengan proses bleaching, menghilangkan bau (deodorasi) menggunakan karbon aktif, dan proses penyabunan. Untuk memberikan warna dan aroma yang menarik pada produk sabun yang dihasilkan, ditambahkan minyak sereh wangi. Produk sabun cuci piring yang dihasilkan dapat langsung digunakan untuk keperluan pribadi rumah tangga.

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Section: Pembuatan Sabun Cuci Piringunclassified

Penerapan IPTEK melalui Pelatihan Pemanfaatan Limbah Minyak Jelantah sebagai Sabun Cuci Piring pada Masyarakat Kecamatan Teluk Batang

Safitri

Kushadiwijayanto

Sofiana

et al. 2021

jceh

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“…Minyak goreng bekas pada keadaan tersebut disebut minyak jelantah (Tomskaya et al, 2008;Wati Ibnu Hajar dan Mufidah, 2016 (Notoatmodjo, 2007). Hal ini sejalan dengan penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Yusnita et al,…”

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Penggurangan Limbah Minyak Jelantah dengan Pelatihan Pembuatan Sabun Cuci Cair Ekonomis di Kampung Sawah, Bogor

Kusuma

2021

patria

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Used Cooking Oil has a negative impact if it is dumped carelessly into the environment and has a positive impact if one of them is used is soap. In this study, corn cobs were used. This soap-making dedication activity aims to provide knowledge to the public regarding the economic potential of used cooking oil waste and corn cobs, skills training for the community regarding the processing of used cooking oil and corn cobs as laundry soap. The method is carried out in two stages: (a) Making soap with used cooking oil and corn cobs. Soap making is done using KOH as a reactant and fragrance to provide an attractive soap product. (b) Training activities for the community. Before and after training measured participants knowledge and attitudes with the questionnaire. The training activities were carried out in Kampung Sawah RW 06, attended by 16 participants. The Data analyzed univariate to see the characteristics of respondents and bivariate with a postwar test to assess the increase in knowledge and test Mc Nemar to assess the change in attitudes. There were increasing knowledge from an average of 3,52 to 4,08 (P = 0,004). Attitude changes also occurred before the training of positive attitudes as much as 43% to 94% after training (P = 0,021). The increased knowledge and attitudes that are statistic significan are expected to increase the increase in good behaviour in the processing of household waste, especially processing the waste oil and corn cobs.

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“…The characteristics of the obtained products, which helped form an idea about the feasibility of their use as lube oils, were also determined [13][14][15]. The ethers were analyzed with the aid of a Perkin Elmer (USA) AutoSystem XL chromatograph.…”

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confidence: 99%

Esterification (etherification) products obtained in the presence of new sulfonic cation-exchanger type of polymeric catalysts

Амануллаева

Azizov

Alieva

et al. 2012

Chem Technol Fuels Oils

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The results of synthesis of alkyl-tert-alkyl ethers and esters in the presence of sulfonated graft copolymers of styrene with polyethylene, polystyrene, atactic polypropylene, ethylene-propylene rubber, etc. are reported. The possibility of getting methyl-tert-butyl, ethyl-tert-butyl, and propyl-tert-butyl ethers, and components of synthetic oils in the presence of the above-noted catalysts is shown.Ethers and esters are used widely as synthetic lube oils, high-octane gasoline additives, plasticizers, solvents, etc. Addition of ethers and esters to fuels and oils improves some performance properties of these petroleum products and also reduces emission of noxious substances, including exhaust gases. In view of high demands for etherification (esterification) products, development of efficient catalytic systems for getting them is an urgent task [1, 2].The purpose of this work was to develop new sulfonic cation-exchanger type of polymeric catalysts for etherification reactions as well as to study the properties of the ethers (esters) obtained. F o r p r o d u c i n g e t h e r s , u s e w a s m a d e o f b i o e t h a n o l , m e t h a n o l , a n d i s o p r o p a n o l . T h e bioethanol was produced by the Ukrainian company Gallon, and it contained 99% of ethyl alcohol and its density was 789.3 kg/m 3 .Butylene-isobutylene fraction (BIF) produced at the Sumgait plant Sintez-kauchuk (Synthetic Rubber) was used as the olefinic feedstock. The composition of the BIF was (wt. %): propane 0.85, ethylene 0.17, isobutane 4.14, isobutylene 42.29, butene-1 28.49, butadiene-1.3-1.5, n-butane 4.67, and trans-butene-2 9.43. The BIF was dried over calcined aluminum oxide and stored in a leak-tight cylinder.Reaction of isobutylene contained in the BIF with alcohols was effected in a stainless steel reaction vessel provided with a manometer, a batching valve, and a thermocouple.

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Determination of the hydrocarbon composition of crude oils

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Penerapan IPTEK melalui Pelatihan Pemanfaatan Limbah Minyak Jelantah sebagai Sabun Cuci Piring pada Masyarakat Kecamatan Teluk Batang

Penerapan IPTEK melalui Pelatihan Pemanfaatan Limbah Minyak Jelantah sebagai Sabun Cuci Piring pada Masyarakat Kecamatan Teluk Batang

Penggurangan Limbah Minyak Jelantah dengan Pelatihan Pembuatan Sabun Cuci Cair Ekonomis di Kampung Sawah, Bogor

Esterification (etherification) products obtained in the presence of new sulfonic cation-exchanger type of polymeric catalysts

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