Determination of the fat, protein and lactose content of milk using Fourier transform infrared spectrometry

Organic Carbon Chemistry in Soils Observed by Synchrotron-Based Spectroscopy

“…Although the FTIR peaks of soils and organic matter are often too complex to provide simple visual qualitative and quantitative data , some of these problems can be overcome by using the unique spectral features that can be obtained from FTIR spectral libraries of pure reference compounds followed by cluster analysis (Dziuba et al, 2007) or by spectral subtraction of digital FTIR spectra of the interfering pure mineral or inorganic soil constituent (Painter et al, 1981;Rumpel et al, 2001;Skjemstad et al, 1993). Chemometrical methods such as multivariate data analysis have also been used in the past in order to interpret the wealth of information generated by FTIR spectroscopy or to quantify the content of specific compound classes, for example, fat, protein, polysaccharides, and microbes (Gordon et al, 1993;Luinge et al, 1993). Multivariate data analysis is often associated with regression modeling, that is, to model the relationships between two sets of measurements (Rumpel et al, 2001).…”

Comparison of PLSR and PCR techniques in terms of dimension reduction: an application on internal migration data in Turkey

“…Naes and Martens (1985) compared these two techniques in terms of Mean Squares Error (MSE) and found that PLSR used fewer latent variables than PCR. Luinge et al (1993) showed that these two techniques were comparably similar in terms of prediction error on a real data set. Diaz et al (1997) applied PLSR, PCR and LS on a real data set and used Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) and square of the correlation coefficient r 2 to evaluate the different techniques.…”

A Non-destructive method to assess freshness of raw bovine milk using FT-NIR spectroscopy

“…FT-NIR spectroscopy technology offered the possibility to quickly and nondestructively analyze different constituents and properties of diversified food products without complex sample preparation. The focus of on-line and off-line applications was the measurement of the fat, protein (Luinge et al 1993) and starch (Bao et al 2007). This technique has made continuous progress in the improvements of the sensors and instrumentations capable of supporting complex calculations based on multivariate statistical methods such as principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares regression (PLS) (Nelson et al 1996(Nelson et al , 2006 (Guo et al 2000;Roy and Pratim Roy 2009).…”