Determination of the exercise intensity that elicits maximal fat oxidation

Achten, Juul; Gleeson, Michael; Jeukendrup, Asker E.

doi:10.1097/00005768-200201000-00015

Cited by 454 publications

(560 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

496

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…4 These results have been confirmed in 2002 with men on a cycling ergometer by another group. 5 In contrast to these results, Astorino 6 showed the highest oxidation rate of fat at 75% VO 2 peak in women on a treadmill. VO 2 max of 65 and 75% seem to be too high to burn fat because Van Loon et al 7 found in a further study the highest fat oxidation rate in cycling in well-trained men to be at lower intensities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Optimal exercise intensities for fat metabolism in handbike cycling and cycling

2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Study design: Energy expenditure (EE) and fat oxidation in handbike cycling compared to cycling in order to determine the intensity that elicits maximal fat oxidation in handbike cycling. Objective: To establish the exercise intensity with the highest fat oxidation rate in handbike cycling compared with cycling (control group) in order to give training recommendations for spinal cord-injured (SCI) athletes performing handbike cycling. Setting: Institute of Sports Medicine, Swiss Paraplegic Centre, Nottwil, Switzerland. Methods: Eight endurance-trained handbike cyclists (VO 2 peak handbike cycling 37.577.8 ml/kg/ min) and eight endurance trained cyclists (VO 2 peak cycling 62.574.5 ml/kg/min) performed three 20-min exercise blocks at 55, 65 and 75% VO 2 peak in handbike cycling on a treadmill or in cycling on a cycling ergometer, respectively, in order to find the intensity with the absolutely highest fat oxidation. Results: The contribution of fat to total EE was highest (39.1716.3% EE) at 55% VO 2 peak in handbike cycling compared to cycling, where highest contribution of fat to EE (50.8713.8%) was found at 75% VO 2 peak. In handbike cycling, the highest absolute fat oxidation (0.2870.10 g/min) was found at 55% VO 2 peak compared to cycling, where highest fat oxidation (0.6770.20 g/min) was found at 75% VO 2 peak. Conclusion: Well-trained handbike cyclists have their highest fat oxidation at 55% VO 2 peak handbike cycling compared to well-trained cyclists at 75% VO 2 peak cycling . Handbike cyclists should perform endurance exercise training at 55% VO 2 peak handbike cycling , whereas well-trained cyclists should be able to exercise at 75% VO 2 peak cycling . For training recommendations, the heart rate at 55% VO 2 peak handbike cycling lies at 13576 bpm in handbike cycling in SCI compared to 147714 bpm at 75% VO 2 peak cycling in well-trained cyclists. We presume that the reduced muscle mass involved in exercise during handbike cycling is the most important factor for impaired fat oxidation compared to cycling. But also other factors as fitness level and haemodynamic differences should be considered. Our results are only applicable to well-trained handbike cyclists with SCI and not for the general SCI population.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Optimal exercise intensities for fat metabolism in handbike cycling and cycling

2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…While increasing duration of sub maximal exercise shifts fuel utilization from carbohydrates to lipids (29)(30)(31), fat oxidation also changes as a function of the exercise intensity with a maximum at about 65% of maximum aerobic capability (VO 2max ) (32).…”

Section: Various Other Influences Upon Imcl Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of proton MR for the study of muscle lipid metabolism

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

1 H-MR spectroscopy (MRS) of intramyocellular lipids (IMCL) became particularly important when it was recognized that IMCL levels are related to insulin sensitivity. While this relation is rather complex and depends on the training status of the subjects, various other influences such as exercise and diet also influence IMCL concentrations. This may open insight into many metabolic interactions; however, it also requires careful planning of studies in order to control all these confounding influences. This review summarizes various historical, methodological, and practical aspects of 1 H-MR spectroscopy (MRS) of muscular lipids. That includes a differentiation of bulk magnetic susceptibility effects and residual dipolar coupling that can both be observed in MRS of skeletal muscle, yet affecting different metabolites in a specific way. Fitting of the intra-(IMCL) and extramyocellular (EMCL) signals with complex line shapes and the transformation into absolute concentrations is discussed. Since the determination of IMCL in muscle groups with oblique fiber orientation or in obese subjects is still difficult, potential improvement with high-resolution spectroscopic imaging or at higher field strength is considered. Fat selective imaging is presented as a possible alternative to MRS and the potential of multinuclear MRS is discussed. 1 H-MRS of muscle lipids allows non-invasive and repeated studies of muscle metabolism that lead to highly relevant findings in clinics and patho-physiology.

show abstract

“…Analysis revealed no significant diff erence in fat oxidation rate between Fat max in the Fat max test and the respective constant load test. Therefore, the authors concluded that Fat max tests allow valid determination of Fatmax [ 1 ] . However, the fat oxidation rates in the constant load test were not compared to each other.…”

Section: Limited Benefi T Of Fat Max -Test To Derive Training Prescrimentioning

confidence: 98%

“…To determine Fat max , incremental exercise tests with long stage durations and small increments in work rate have been used. To determine the validation of such Fat max tests, an incremental exercise test was compared to 4-6 continuous prolonged exercise tests at constant work rates, corresponding to the work rates of the incremental exercise test [ 1 ] . Analysis revealed no significant diff erence in fat oxidation rate between Fat max in the Fat max test and the respective constant load test.…”

Section: Limited Benefi T Of Fat Max -Test To Derive Training Prescrimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In absolute terms, fat oxidation rates increase from low to moderate intensities and then decline at higher intensities [ 20 ] . The exercise intensity that elicits the maximum fat oxidation rate (MFO) has been termed "Fat max " [ 1 ] . Venables and Jeukendrup [ 24 ] demonstrated that a continuous training program at Fat max is superior to a moderate intensity interval training…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Limited Benefit of Fatmax-Test to Derive Training Prescriptions

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Limited Benefi t of Fat max -Test to Derive Training Prescriptionsprogram in increasing fat oxidation rates in obese adults. Therefore, in order to improve MFO, training at Fat max has been recommended. To determine Fat max , incremental exercise tests with long stage durations and small increments in work rate have been used. To determine the validation of such Fat max tests, an incremental exercise test was compared to 4-6 continuous prolonged exercise tests at constant work rates, corresponding to the work rates of the incremental exercise test [ 1 ] . Analysis revealed no significant diff erence in fat oxidation rate between Fat max in the Fat max test and the respective constant load test. Therefore, the authors concluded that Fat max tests allow valid determination of Fatmax [ 1 ] . However, the fat oxidation rates in the constant load test were not compared to each other. Fat oxidation rates are similar over a relatively wide range of exercise intensities around Fat max . Therefore, there might be no diff erence in fat oxidation rates during prolonged training sessions at common intensities below or above Fat max . The necessity of determining Fat max for training prescription and, consequently, the external validity of Fat max tests remains debatable. Introduction ▼Enhancing and maximizing fat oxidation is a common training goal in elite and recreational sports. It has been speculated that high fat oxidation rates during exercise might be benefi cial for diff erent reasons such as prevention of weight gain for health purposes and carbohydrate sparing during long term endurance competitions such as cycling or running marathons [ 26 ] . It is well documented that fat oxidation rises with increasing exercise duration. Prolonged training sessions are therefore performed to enhance fat metabolism [ 16 ] . However, the choice of the optimal intensity remains debatable. When exercise intensity increases, there is a decrease in the relative contribution of fat metabolism. In absolute terms, fat oxidation rates increase from low to moderate intensities and then decline at higher intensities [ 20 ] . The exercise intensity that elicits the maximum fat oxidation rate (MFO)

show abstract

Determination of the exercise intensity that elicits maximal fat oxidation

Abstract: It is concluded that a protocol with 3-min stages and 35-W increments in work rate can be used to determine Fat(max). Fat oxidation rates are high over a large range of intensities; however, at exercise intensities above Fat(max), fat oxidation rates drop markedly.

Cited by 454 publications

References 27 publications

Optimal exercise intensities for fat metabolism in handbike cycling and cycling

Optimal exercise intensities for fat metabolism in handbike cycling and cycling

Role of proton MR for the study of muscle lipid metabolism

Limited Benefit of Fatmax-Test to Derive Training Prescriptions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About