Determination of the Electricity Storage Power and Capacity for Cooperation with the Microgrid Implementing the Peak Shaving Strategy in Selected Industrial Enterprises

Abstract

The capacity limitations of distribution networks, the increasing demands for electricity installation in terms of electricity quality parameters, and the development of electromobility all increase the need to implement systems in order to stabilize and regulate loads for end users. Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESSs), that operate in internal microgrids of enterprises, allow smoothing of electrical power consumption profiles by actively reducing peak demand power. By using BESSs to implement a peak shaving strategy to reduce the peak power consumption of a company in an external network, energy efficiency can be improved by reducing contractual capacity. The aim of this study is to determine the conditions for the use of energy storage, in order to implement a peak shaving strategy for which the installation of the enterprise microgrid is economically efficient. The analysis of the operating conditions of the BESS should take into account the size of the energy storage, the characteristics of the demand profile for the demand systems, the charges related to electricity, and the costs of electricity storage. In the study, the size of the energy storage was related to the power and electrical capacity of the BESS that was used to implement the peak shaving strategy. The article presents the results of research on the method for determining an effective capacity and power of BESSs for enterprise microgrid systems. The technical and cost limitations of the actual microgrid system, which affected the decrease in economic efficiency of the peak shaving strategy in the company research, were taken into account. The simulations of the operation of the electricity storage system, based on real data of the demand of production companies, were based on the rules and market conditions in Poland.

A review of the state of art and prospects in energy storage systems for energy harvesting applications

“…iii) Time shifting: Time shifting is achieved when electrical energy is stored while the energy harvesters are easy to obtain electrical energy from and then the stored energy is used during periods of peak demand [75], [99], [100]. iv) Peak shaving and load leveling: utilizing energy stored during off-peak periods to offset electrical power generation during peak power demand periods [63], [96], [101]. Meanwhile, load leveling is a method to balance the large fluctuations associated with electricity demand [69], [95], [102].…”

Design and implementation of Hybrid Renewable energy (PV/Wind/Diesel/Battery) Microgrids for rural areas.

“…This approach aimed to reduce the microgrid's total operation cost, focusing on operation scheduling and reducing BESS life deterioration. [46] conducted a study to determine the required power and BESS capacity for maximum shaving performance. Suppose the grid operator implements this study's peak power management techniques.…”

Methodology for Energy Management in a Smart Microgrid Based on the Efficiency of Dispatchable Renewable Generation Sources and Distributed Storage Systems

“…This application is the exact one implemented in EMSs, where cost of energy and operating cost have been minimised [85][86][87]. Again, the technology that plays the role of ESS to counteract the peaks are batteries, being implemented in practically all the case studies [88][89][90][91][92][93].…”