Determination of the effect of resin-coating on ceramic proppant settlement for optimal hydraulic fracturing applications

Wei, Gongjue; Huang, Hai; Babadagli, Tayfun; Hou, Lei; Li, Huazhou

doi:10.1016/j.powtec.2020.06.039

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The drag coefficient acting on proppant particles mainly depends on the shape, concentration, and discharge volume of the proppant. [17,18] Considering the effects of fracturing parameters (e.g., viscosity of the fracturing fluid, pump flow rate, and proppant concentration) on proppant transport and distribution, some researchers concluded that the equilibrium height of the sand bed is mainly determined by the settlement and migration rate of proppant particles, which is proportional to sand concentration and inversely proportional to the pump flow rate and viscosity of the fracturing fluid. [19[21] The properties of the proppant, such as the type, concentration, and density, all affect its settlement, while proppant particle size also directly affects its settlement and migration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical simulation study of proppant settling and migration within deep shale narrow fractures

Lin,

Zhang,

Yang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Hydraulic fracturing is an important technology in shale gas reservoir development. Effective improvement of proppant sanding in the “long narrow fracture” in deep shale reservoirs is important. In this study, based on the simulation of long narrow fractures in deep shale reservoirs with a flat plate experimental setup, we conducted comparative experiments with various parameters (e.g., fracturing fluid viscosity, injection pump flow rate, proppant particle size, sand concentration, fracture width, and proppant type) to understand the settlement and migration pattern of the proppant particles in the long narrow fractures in deep shale reservoirs. The results showed that, compared to that in wide fractures, under the same conditions, the sand bed formed by proppant particles in the long narrow fracture in deep shale has a smaller front edge slope and lower height difference between the front and end of the sand bed, resulting in a more even and smooth overall sanding of proppant particles. In the long narrow fractures in deep shale, the percentage of the area of the sand bed at the outlet end to the area of the whole sand bed increases with fracturing fluid viscosity and the injection pump flow rate, while it is less influenced by the sand concentration. The micro-sized proppant particles also promote the placement of the sand bed at the outlet end and are more conducive to the overall uniform placement of the sand bed. The contracting width of the long narrow fracture in deep shale has no significant effect on the placement of the sand bed in the fracture in front of the contraction, but it impedes the proppant particle flow distribution in the fracture behind the contraction. The coverage area and equilibrium height of the sand bed after the contraction decreased, and the overall sanding was more even. However, the amount of settled proppant decreased, increasing the difficulty of effective fracture support in deep shale reservoir fractures. The results of this experimental research provide strong support to the reforming design of fracturing in deep shale reservoirs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical simulation study of proppant settling and migration within deep shale narrow fractures

Lin,

Zhang,

Yang

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Therefore, the quartz sand proppant is only suitable for shallow closed wells in hydraulic fracturing operations. Ceramsite has a good sphericity, high strength, high compressive strength, and is less susceptible to fracturing [17][18][19][20]. However, its density is relatively high compared with that of quartz sand, and the high energy consumption and price of ceramsite prevents its implementation [21][22][23][24][25][26][27]; ceramic proppants are suitable for deep oil and gas wells with high closure pressures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on a New Type of High-Performance Resin-Coated Sand for Petroleum Fracturing Proppants

Wei,

Wang,

Yang

et al. 2023

Coatings

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This study investigates a new type of high-performance coated sand as a petroleum fracturing proppant material. Modified quartz sand was coated with a layer of low-density resin to reduce the overall density of the proppant, thereby improving the suspension of the proppant in the fracturing fluid. Resins play an important role in the preparation of coated sand fracturing proppants. The mechanism of sand formation was studied by examining the phase composition and microstructure of the coated sand proppant. The results demonstrate that when the polyimide resin content is 6% and the curing temperature is 180 °C, the proppant exhibited the best performance with an apparent density of 1.592 g/cm3 and a breakage ratio of only 3.22% under 55.2 MPa. Compared with the widely used epoxy resin-coated support agent and phenolic resin-coated support agent in the early stage, their crushing rate decreased by 5% and their acid solubility decreased by 2%. Hence, this study is worthy of attention.

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“… 14 Subsequently, the sedimentation time and liquid conductivity capacity are remarkable increased. For example, Xu 14 and Wei 15 have point out that the self-suspending ability can affect the performance of the proppant. Furthermore, the resin shell can protect the inner brittle materials from crushing and prevent blocking the channel from the liberation of fines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequently, the sedimentation time and liquid conductivity capacity are remarkable increased. For example, Xu and Wei have point out that the self-suspending ability can affect the performance of the proppant. Furthermore, the resin shell can protect the inner brittle materials from crushing and prevent blocking the channel from the liberation of fines. − However, the distribution of the proppants coated with resin in the fracture network could not be controlled. ,, Particularly, high stress and magnetic materials in the rock formation can affect the distribution of proppants when hydraulic fracturing is performed in deep shale petroleum and gas reservoirs. ,, Therefore, designing a self-suspending and directed adsorption proppant is required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomimicry Surface-Coated Proppant with Self-Suspending and Targeted Adsorption Ability

et al. 2020

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Proppant is a key material, which can increase the production of unconventional petroleum and gas. Excellent proppants with a long migration distance are required in the fracture network. Resin-coated proppants have been confirmed as a good choice because of the long migration and the self-suspending ability in fracturing fluids. However, the distribution of the resin-coated proppants in fracture networks is random. The design of proppants with targeted adsorption is urgently needed. In this study, a novel proppant coated with a phenolic resin shell doped with Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles on ceramic (coated proppant) was designed and investigated. Based on the results, the coated proppant was adsorbed on the magnetic component’s parts of the fracture network surface, which helps in enhancing the uniform distribution of the proppant in the fracture rock cracks. Meanwhile, the self-suspending ability of the coated proppant is five times higher than that of the uncoated proppant and can migrate a longer distance in the fracture network. Moreover, the liquid conductivity of the coated proppant is 30% higher than that of the uncoated ones at a closure pressure of 6.9 MPa. In summary, new insights into the design of functional proppants and further guidelines on the production of unconventional petroleum and gas have been provided in this study.

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Determination of the effect of resin-coating on ceramic proppant settlement for optimal hydraulic fracturing applications

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

Physical simulation study of proppant settling and migration within deep shale narrow fractures

Physical simulation study of proppant settling and migration within deep shale narrow fractures

A Study on a New Type of High-Performance Resin-Coated Sand for Petroleum Fracturing Proppants

Biomimicry Surface-Coated Proppant with Self-Suspending and Targeted Adsorption Ability

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