Determination of the Boltzmann Constant by Laser Spectroscopy as a Basis for Future Measurements of the Thermodynamic Temperature

Lemarchand, Cyril; Djerroud, Khelifa; Darquié, Benoît; Lopez, Olivier; Amy‐Klein, Anne; Chardonnet, Christian; Bordé, Christian J.; Briaudeau, S.; Daussy, Christophe

doi:10.1007/s10765-010-0755-3

Cited by 42 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The experimental setup has been described in detail in [31,32]. It contains a CO 2 laser stabilized on a saturated absorption line of osmium tetroxyde.…”

Section: The Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It for instance, constituted 97% of the 144 ppm standard uncertainty published in [29]. The influence of the lineshape model on the spectroscopic determination of the Boltzmann constant has been raised by us and other groups working with O 2 and H 2 O [29,32,[40][41][42][43][44][45]. We recently carried out an extensive lineshape study at relatively high pressure in SPC, in order to enhance collisional effects and to determine the most suitable model for our data [40].…”

Section: The Lineshape Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Secondly, it demonstrates our ability to reach a statistical uncertainty below 10 ppm. The mean of the 02005-p.7 [29,31,32,[49][50][51] is illustrated in Figure 3. To our knowledge, 6.4 ppm represents the best statistical uncertainty ever obtained for the measurement of k B using the DBT.…”

Section: Statistical Uncertaintymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accurate determination of the Boltzmann constant by Doppler spectroscopy: Towards a new definition of the kelvin

Darquié

Mejri

Sow

et al. 2013

EPJ Web of Conferences

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Abstract. Accurate molecular spectroscopy in the mid-infrared region allows precision measurements of fundamental constants. For instance, measuring the linewidth of an isolated Doppler-broadened absorption line of ammonia around 10 m enables a determination of the Boltzmann constant k B . We report on our latest measurements. By fitting this lineshape to several models which include Dicke narrowing or speeddependent collisional effects, we find that a determination of k B with an uncertainty of a few ppm is reachable. This is comparable to the best current uncertainty obtained using acoustic methods and would make a significant contribution to any new value of k B determined by the CODATA. Furthermore, having multiple independent measurements at these accuracies opens the possibility of defining the kelvin by fixing k B , an exciting prospect considering the upcoming redefinition of the International System of Units.

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“…The experimental setup has been described in detail in [31,32]. It contains a CO 2 laser stabilized on a saturated absorption line of osmium tetroxyde.…”

Section: The Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Lineshape Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accurate determination of the Boltzmann constant by Doppler spectroscopy: Towards a new definition of the kelvin

Darquié

Mejri

Sow

et al. 2013

EPJ Web of Conferences

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“…Many spectroscopic applications also demand absorbance measurements of high precision and accuracy in order to reveal subtle features of the spectral line shape. This requirement is of particular concern to the fields of precision line-shape measurement [10,11], precision line-shape analysis [12], and Doppler thermometry [13][14][15][16].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In conventional dual-beam LAS detection, the incident and transmitted beams are independently detected to deliver a photocurrent of I and T , respectively [15,25]. Any commonmode laser intensity fluctuations are removed by constructing the ratio T /I .…”

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confidence: 99%

Absolute absorption line-shape measurements at the shot-noise limit

et al. 2012

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Here, we report a measurement scheme for determining an absorption profile with an accuracy imposed solely by photon shot noise. We demonstrate the power of this technique by measuring the absorption of cesium vapor with an uncertainty at the 2-ppm level. This extremely high signal-to-noise ratio allows us to directly observe the homogeneous line-shape component of the spectral profile, even in the presence of Doppler broadening, by measuring the spectral profile at a frequency detuning more than 200 natural linewidths from the line center. We then use this tool to discover an optically induced broadening process that is quite distinct from the well-known power broadening phenomenon. The recent development of the optical frequency comb [1,2] has delivered a powerful new tool for absorption spectroscopy. The frequency comb allows us to determine the optical frequency of spectral features to astonishing new levels, which has paved the way for intriguing laboratory-scale tests of fundamental physics [3] as well as exciting applications in a wide variety of fields, including frequency metrology [1,4], direct optical frequency comb spectroscopy [5][6][7], and trace gas detection [8,9]. High-quality frequency measurement, however, represents only half the story. Many spectroscopic applications also demand absorbance measurements of high precision and accuracy in order to reveal subtle features of the spectral line shape. This requirement is of particular concern to the fields of precision line-shape measurement [10,11], precision line-shape analysis [12], and Doppler thermometry [13][14][15][16].The conventional quantum limit for precision in laser absorption spectroscopy (LAS) is set by shot noise of the probing light. In practice, though, this performance level has been exceedingly difficult to achieve because technical noise and instrumental limitations usually mask this quantum limit. These technical limitations are particularly acute for LAS because it is inherently a bright field [17] measurement; i.e., the absorbance is encoded in the ratio of two measurements of the incident and transmitted power. If one wishes to build a highly sensitive and accurate tool for probing optical absorbance, then there are three key challenges to overcome: First, one needs to suppress technical noise sources, which are usually much larger than fundamental sources; second, the resolution of the measurement can be limited because most of the dynamic range of the sensor is consumed in measuring small changes of relatively large signals; and third, the measurement technique needs to be inherently linear.

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Boltzmann Constant and the New Kelvin

Göbel

Siegner

2015

Quantum Metrology: Foundation of Units and Measurements

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Determination of the Boltzmann Constant by Laser Spectroscopy as a Basis for Future Measurements of the Thermodynamic Temperature

Cited by 42 publications

References 36 publications

Accurate determination of the Boltzmann constant by Doppler spectroscopy: Towards a new definition of the kelvin

Accurate determination of the Boltzmann constant by Doppler spectroscopy: Towards a new definition of the kelvin

Absolute absorption line-shape measurements at the shot-noise limit

Boltzmann Constant and the New Kelvin

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