Determination of the acoustic scatter patterns and cross sections of fish models and ellipsoids

Haslett, R.W.G.

doi:10.1088/0508-3443/13/12/317

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…An error of only three dB in target strength will result in a factor of two differences in abundance estimates [61]. The reflected sound from the swim bladder has been found to account for 90% of the total energy backscattered by a fish depending on the frequency being used [70][71][72][73][74].…”

Section: Sonar Applications For the Study Of Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Development of SONAR as a Tool in Marine Biological Research in the Twentieth Century

Fornshell

Teseï²

2013

International Journal of Oceanography

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The development of acoustic methods for measuring depths and ranges in the ocean environment began in the second decade of the twentieth century. The two world wars and the “Cold War” produced three eras of rapid technological development in the field of acoustic oceanography. By the mid-1920s, researchers had identified echoes from fish, Gadus morhua, in the traces from their echo sounders. The first tank experiments establishing the basics for detection of fish were performed in 1928. Through the 1930s, the use of SONAR as a means of locating schools of fish was developed. The end of World War II was quickly followed by the advent of using SONAR to track and hunt whales in the Southern Ocean and the marketing of commercial fish finding SONARs for use by commercial fisherman. The “deep scattering layer” composed of invertebrates and fish was discovered in the late 1940s on the echo sounder records. SONARs employing high frequencies, broadband, split beam, and multiple frequencies were developed as methods for the detection, quantification and identification of fish and invertebrates. The study of fish behavior has seen some use of passive acoustic techniques. Advancements in computer technology have been important throughout the last four decades of the twentieth century.

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Section: Sonar Applications For the Study Of Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Development of SONAR as a Tool in Marine Biological Research in the Twentieth Century

Fornshell

Teseï²

2013

International Journal of Oceanography

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“…Do and Surti (1990) used a series of cylinders and cones similar in concept to the KRM. Jones and Pearce (1958) and Haslett (1962b) attempted to experimentally approximate the shape of a fish swimbladder as a cylinder and ellpsoid, respectively. Foote (1985) computed the target strength of fish by applying the Kirchhoff approximation to a more realistic 3-dimensional model of the swimbladder based on the digitized microtomed swimbladder of pollack (Pollachius pollachius) and saithe (Pollachius virens).…”

Section: Acoustic Measurements Of Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At high frequencies, the elongation of the scatterers has increasing importance and efforts in this frequency region have been made to describe the scattering by more realistic, irregular shapes. For example, Jones and Pearce (1957) and Haslett (1962b) attempted to experimentally approximate the shape of a fish swimbladder as a cylinder and ellpsoid, respectively, and Do and Surti (1990) used a series of cylinders and cones in a similar fashion. Furusawa (1988) and Ye (1996) modeled acoustic scattering by fish using prolate spheroids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic scattering by axisymmetric finite-length bodies with application to fish : measurement and modeling

Reeder¹

2002

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This thesis investigates the complexities of acoustic scattering by finite bodies in general and by fish in particular through the development of an advanced acoustic scattering model and detailed laboratory acoustic measurements. A general acoustic scattering model is developed that is accurate and numerically effcient for a wide range of frequencies, angles of orientation, irregular axisymmetric shapes and boundary conditions. The model presented is an extension of a two-dimensional conformal mapping approach to scattering by irregular, finite-length bodies of revolution. An extensive series of broadband acoustic backscattering measurements has been conducted involving alewife fish (Alosa pseudoharengus), which are morphologically similar to the Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus). A greater-than-octave bandwidth (40-95 kHz), shaped, linearly swept, frequency modulated signal was used to insonify live, adult alewife that were tethered while being rotated in 1-degree increments over all angles of orientation in two planes of rotation (lateral and dorsal/ventral). Spectral analysis correlates frequency dependencies to morphology and orientation. Pulse compression processing temporally resolves multiple returns from each individual which show good correlation with size and orientation, and demonstrate that there exists more than one significant scattering feature in the animaL. Imaging technologies used to exactly measure the morphology of the scattering features of fish include very highresolution Phase Contrast X-rays (PCX) and Computerized Tomography (CT) scans, which are used for morphological evaluation and incorporation into the scattering modeL. Studies such as this one, which combine scattering models with high-resolution morphological information and high-quality laboratory data, are crucial to the quantitative use of acoustics in the ocean.

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“…The principal term of evanescent field asymptotics was found, angular characteristics for plane wave scattering by rigid elongated spheroid in geometrical scattering field were given. The questions of sound scattering by gas-filled spheroidal fish-maw are considered in works [Haslett, 1962], [Babailov & Kanevskyi, 1988]. A fish-maw is given as a elongated soft spheroid, frequency-angle characteristics of inverse scattering are given as well as resonance characteristic spheroidal maw.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research of the Scattering of Non-Linearly Interacting Plane Acoustic Waves by an Elongated Spheroid

Abbasov¹

2010

Acoustic Waves

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Determination of the acoustic scatter patterns and cross sections of fish models and ellipsoids

Cited by 15 publications

References 9 publications

The Development of SONAR as a Tool in Marine Biological Research in the Twentieth Century

The Development of SONAR as a Tool in Marine Biological Research in the Twentieth Century

Acoustic scattering by axisymmetric finite-length bodies with application to fish : measurement and modeling

Research of the Scattering of Non-Linearly Interacting Plane Acoustic Waves by an Elongated Spheroid

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