Determination of synthetic cannabinoids in randomly urine samples collected from probationers in Turkey

Atasoy, Aslı; Dağlioğlu, Nebīle; Gören, İsmail Ethem; Girisbay, Alperay; Aslan, Rukiye; Akgür, Serap Annette

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2021.110752

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Atasoy et al analyzed urine samples of 500 probationers by LC‐MS/MS and observed that 5F‐NPB‐22 was positive in 58%, AB‐FUBINACA in 36%, and other SCs in 4%. Mean concentrations of 5F‐NPB‐22 and AB‐FUBINACA were 72.94 ± 47.51 and 5.84 ± 14.7 ng/ml, respectively [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of methods to develop fingerprints on papers impregnated with AB‐PINACA and AB‐FUBINACA

Gülekçi

Özşeker

Yonar

et al. 2021

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Although there have been significant advances in fingerprinting techniques, studies on how these techniques affect other criminal evidence are limited. Synthetic cannabinoids (SC), which are illegal substances frequently encountered in crime scenes and are widely used worldwide, are available in various forms in the market (pill, powder, liquid, and herbal product). These synthetic cannabinoid substances have recently been introduced to places such as prisons and rehabilitation centers, primarily via an infused piece of paper. The first seizure of the paper-impregnated form of AB-PINACA and AB-FUBINACA in Turkey was observed in 2014. This study investigates the effects of fingerprint development methods on the concentrations of these SCs impregnated on paper. Therefore, eccrine and sebaceous fingerprints of volunteers were imprinted on the papers before and after they were impregnated with AB-PINACA and AB-FUBINACA. Six different fingerprint development methods were applied. Fingerprint development methods were later checked in 384 fingerprints.AB-PINACA and AB-FUBINACA infused on papers were extracted by the liquid−extraction method, and concentrations were analyzed via LC-MS/MS. After applying Thermanin, 1,2-indandione, iodine vapor, DFO, and 5-MTN fingerprint development methods, the

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of methods to develop fingerprints on papers impregnated with AB‐PINACA and AB‐FUBINACA

Gülekçi

Özşeker

Yonar

et al. 2021

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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“…Because of their wide-ranging potency, confident identification of specific cannabinoids in biological samples is a critical step toward linking toxicity with symptoms. , Laboratory-based testing of samples, which might include urine, blood, oral fluid, or hair, has primarily been accomplished using mass-spectrometry-based methods coupled to either gas chromatography (GC-MS) − or liquid chromatography (LC-MS). − Investigation of cannabinoid metabolites is also especially important, as their relatively quick metabolism often precludes detection of parent compounds in urine. Several studies have reported on GC- and/or LC-MS analysis of metabolites from a range of synthetic cannabinoids, either through collection of urine samples following use of those substances or via simulated metabolism (i.e., with human liver microsomes or by fungal metabolism). − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation and Characterization of Synthetic Cannabinoid Metabolite Isomers Using SLIM High-Resolution Ion Mobility-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (HRIM-MS/MS)

Aderorho,

Lucas,

Chouinard

2024

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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Synthetic cannabinoids, a subclass of new psychoactive substances (NPS), are laboratory-made substances that are chemically similar to those found naturally in the cannabis plant. Many of these substances are illicitly manufactured and have been associated with severe health problems, prompting a need to develop analytical methods capable of characterizing both known and previously undetected compounds. This work focuses on a novel Structures for Lossless Ion Manipulations (SLIM) IM-MS approach to the differentiation and structural characterization of synthetic cannabinoid metabolites, specifically MDA-19/BUTI-NACA, JWH-018, and JWH-250 isomer groups. These different compound classes are structurally very similar, differing only in the position of one or a few functional groups; this yielded similarity in measured collision cross section (CCS) values. However, the high resolution of SLIM IM provided adequate separation of many of these isomers, such as sodiated JWH-250 metabolites N-4-OH, N-5-OH, and 5-OH, which displayed CCS of 187.5, 182.5, and 202.3 Å 2 , respectively. In challenging cases where baseline separation was precluded due to nearly identical CCS, such as for JWH-018 isomers, simple derivatization by dansyl chloride selectively reacted with the 6-OH compound to provide differentiation of all isomers using a combination of CCS and m/z. Finally, the opportunity to use this method for structural elucidation of unknowns was demonstrated by using SLIM IM mobility-aligned MS/MS fragmentation. Different MDA-19/BUTINACA isomers were first mobility separated and could then be individually activated, yielding unique fragments for both targeted identification and structural determination. Overall, the described SLIM IM-MS/MS workflow provides significant potential as a rapid screening tool for the characterization of emerging NPS such as synthetic cannabinoids and their metabolites.

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“…They also developed a quantitative identification method for fluorinated SCs samples using fluorine NMR, which proved successful for analyzing SCs in e-liquids. Several groups , have conducted SC detection in hair using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and other groups have analyzed SCs in urine − and blood, , studying their metabolism , using LC-MS/MS. These methods demonstrated excellent linear range correlation coefficients (>0.99) and precise measurements in hair matrixes (precision <12%), with a limit of detection (LOD) range of 0.1–10 pg/mg and a limit of quantification (LOQ) range of 0.1–20 pg/mg.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Analysis of Three Synthetic Cannabinoids MDMB-4en-PINACA, ADB-BUTINACA, and ADB-4en-PINACA by Thermal-Assisted Carbon Fiber Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Dou,

Liu,

Xiang

et al. 2023

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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Determination of synthetic cannabinoids in randomly urine samples collected from probationers in Turkey

Cited by 16 publications

References 21 publications

Comparison of methods to develop fingerprints on papers impregnated with AB‐PINACA and AB‐FUBINACA

Comparison of methods to develop fingerprints on papers impregnated with AB‐PINACA and AB‐FUBINACA

Separation and Characterization of Synthetic Cannabinoid Metabolite Isomers Using SLIM High-Resolution Ion Mobility-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (HRIM-MS/MS)

Quantitative Analysis of Three Synthetic Cannabinoids MDMB-4en-PINACA, ADB-BUTINACA, and ADB-4en-PINACA by Thermal-Assisted Carbon Fiber Ionization Mass Spectrometry

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