Determination of surface roughness and topography of dental resin-based nanocomposites using AFM analysis

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine surface roughness and topography of polished dental resin-based nanocomposites. Four representative dental resin-based nanocomposites were tested in the study: two nanohybrids (Filtek Z550 and Tetric EvoCeram) and two nanofilled (Filtek Ultimate Body and Filtek Ultimate Translucent); and two reference materials: one microfilled (Gradia Direct) and one microhybrid (Filtek Z250). Polymerized cylindrical specimens (4 mm x 2 mm) were polished with multi-step polishing system- Super Snap. Immediately after the polishing, topography of each specimen was examined by Veeco di CP-II Atomic Force Microscope. Specimen's surface has been scanned in 6 points in contact mode with CONT20A-CP tips. 1 Hz scan rate and 256 × 256 resolution were used to obtain topography on a 90 µm × 90 µm scanning area. Measured topography data were processed by Image Processing and Data Analysis v2.1.15 software. Following parameters were compared among specimens: average roughness and maximum peak-to-valley distance. All of the tested materials had similar average surface roughness after finishing and polishing procedure. The lowest values occurred in the material Filtek Ultimate Body, and the highest in the Filtek Z550. When interpreting maximum peak-to-valley distance the larger differences in values (up to 100%) occurred in Filtek Z550, Filtek Z250 and Filtek Ultimate Body, which is a result of the deep polishing channels and tracks. Type, size, distribution of fillers and filler loading in tested materials, didn't influence average roughness values, but had an impact on maximum peak-to-valley distance values.

Effect of air-polishing on properties of nanocomposite submitted to coffee, red wine and cigarette smoke

“…The wear resistance of nanocomposites is related as comparable to or superior to that of microfill and microhybrid resin composites 1,5 .…”

“…The nanoparticulate resin composite is composed of nanomer and nanoclusters and it is used on posterior and anterior teeth as universal resin composite by clinicians due to the characteristics that achieve good properties and better aesthetic 2,5 . The wear resistance of nanocomposites is related as comparable to or superior to that of microfill and microhybrid resin composites 1,5 .…”

“…Overall, the surface quality of the restorative material influences the clinical performance and durability of restorations 5 , since the maintenance of flat surface decreases early alterations of color and shine, besides of reducing the biofilm growth on surface restoration, which decreases risk of secondary caries lesions and periodontal inflammation [4][5][6][7][8][9] . The roughness present on resin surface can be detected by the tip of the patient's tongue since 0.3µm 10 .…”

Effect of Food Simulating Liquids and Thermo-cycling on flexural strength and surface hardness of a Resin Nano-Ceramic CAD/CAM Material

“…Addition of nano-fillers to the resin matrix provides the improvement of the flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, diametral tensile strength, microhardness (2) , fracture toughness (3) and wear resistance of dental resin composite (4) . The nano-filled resin composite showed lower surface roughness values more than the micro-hybrid and nano-hybrid resin composites (5)(6)(7) .…”

Nanodentistry: Is just a fiction or future

“…Trying to create a new material having both these properties, namely the mechanical strength and esthetic and polishing qualities, nanofillers have been introduced. 20 Nanocomposites have three different filler components namely: non-agglomerated discrete silica nanoparticles, barium glass, and prepolymerized fillers. 21 Filtek Ultimate Body and Filtek Ultimate Translucent (nanofilled composites) when compared to GC Gradia Direct Anterior (microfilled) and Filtek Z250 (microhybrid composite) nanofilled composites were found to have superior properties than other more traditional composite resins.…”