Determination of Sunset Yellow as a Synthetic Food Colorant in Confectionery Products Consumed in Katsina Metropolis (Nigeria) Using Uv-Vis Spectrophotometer

Abstract

The use of Sunset yellow as food colorants in non-alcoholic drinks, beverages and confectionery is rising despite their problems upon consumption by humans. It is therefore, necessary to constantly monitor the concentrations of these dyes in our foods, beverages and confectionery because of their health-related issues that include hyperactivity in children and immune system compromise. For these reasons, the concentration of sunset yellow used as colorants was determined in ten different brands of confectionaries using the spectrophotometric method of analysis. A cross-sectional primary data was obtained through experimental procedures in ten different samples of confectionary products procured (Central Market Katsina, Nigeria). The results shown that the concentration for the two samples; E and I are 52.311±0.178 mg/L and 87.887±0.018 mg/L respectively were found to be above the acceptable permissible limit of 50mg/L, while for the remaining eight samples; A, B, C, D, F, G, H, and J are, 46.523±0.116 mg/L, 49.364±0.418 mg/L, 41.924±0.029 mg/L, 27.853±0.029 mg/L, 33.045±0.018 mg/L, 29.515±0.028 mg/L, 34.250±0.019 mg/L and 33.295±0.018 mg/L respectively are within the acceptable permissible limit of 50 mg/L in accordance to Regulation (EC) No. 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and council establishing a Union list of food additives. Therefore, the results justify the safe consumption of samples A, B, C, D, F, G, H and J but samples E and I are not safe for consumption due to their concentration levels found above 50 mg/L.

Comparative Study on the Effect of Sunset Yellow Dye and Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) on Testes of Male Sprague Dawley Rats

“…Sunset Yellow dye is a synthetic food coloring additive that is frequently used in food manufacturing to improve the appearance of various goods. On the other hand, Diethyl nitrosamine is used as a lubricant additive, antioxidant, and stabilizer in plastic products (Lawal et al, 2021).…”

Using a Smartphone-Based Colorimetric Device with Molecularly Imprinted Polymer for the Quantification of Tartrazine in Soda Drinks

“…High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is the technique most widely applied for TAR determination due to its high sensitivity and selectivity [ 5 ]; however, this technique is found to be costly and its application often requires the use of significant amounts of toxic solvents [ 6 , 7 ]. Spectrophotometric methods are also widely used for TAR determination, though their specificity may be limited due to spectral overlap with other species in the matrix [ 8 , 9 ]. Among the more recent analytical techniques that have been applied for TAR determination are paper chromatography [ 10 ] and voltammetry [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Mobile Phase Selection by Optimization for the Determination of Multiple Pesticides Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

“…The contaminants include inorganic matters such as heavy metals [6][7][8], as well as organic chemicals such as heat generated compounds [polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and acrylamide)] [9], organic polymers (bromodiphenyl ethers, chlorobiphenyls, chlorodibenzodioxins, chlorodibenzofurans etc), mycotoxins (aflatoxins), perfluoroalkyl acids [10][11][12]. Other contaminants with emerge-concerns include phthalates, bisphenol A, alkylphenols [13], phytosterols, estrogens, phytoestrogens [14], pharmaceuticals/veterinary drugs, synthetic dyes and pesticides [15][16][17][18].…”