Determination of Sulfur Content in Waste Materials by Ion Chromatography

Abstract

The aim of this work is to apply an ion-chromatography method which was initially developed for the determination of sulfur content in fuels, on other classes of samples as municipal waste and oil and sewage sludge. With respect to their physical properties and texture, solid waste materials as municipal waste, are typically strongly heterogeneous and thus, sample preparation can be critical in obtaining reliable analysis results so that, particle size reduction and homogenizing of the municipal waste was an important step in conducting the experiments. The homogenization of the samples was performed by cutting and then grinding the material in two steps: first a reduction of the particles to diameters passing a 10-mm sieve and secondly to diameters passing a 2-mm sieve. The sulfur extraction from the homogenized waste samples was carried out by the combustion method in the calorimetric bomb. Sulfur as sulfate anion was then analyzed by ion-chromatography and gravimetric techniques and the results were compared. Depending on the nature and sulfur content of the sample, the repeatability standard deviation sr and the relative repeatability standard deviation RSD of the results were of the same order of magnitude for the both gravimetric and ionchromatography methods and they were in the range of about 0.01-0.05 % for sr and in the range of about 3.23-6.25 % for RSD.

Waste Management and Their Environmental Impact: Challenges and Opportunities at National Level

“…In relation with this topic another important parameter for the environment and human health that should be accurately determined from the waste/waste mixture intended for incineration is Sulphur content. Among other determination methods of Sulphur from waste mixtures, one method of choice might be ion-chromatography method [23]. The research has been done on Refused Derived Fuel resulting from municipal waste.…”

New Approaches Regarding Bat Conclusion Implementation

“…Serbanescu, A, Barbu, ME, Nicolescu, IC & Bucur, E 2017, 'Interdependence between total organic carbon content and heating value of sewage sludge samples', 20 th International Symposium "The Environment and The Industry", SIMI 2017, National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology ECOIND, Bucharest, pp. 272-278.…”

“…Activity domains for which they were adopted the BAT Conclusions In this paper approaches are discussed the novelties in the field of large combustion plants based on charcoal and the odour evaluation in the intensive pigs and chicken farming; Large combustion plants are plants with a total rated thermal input bigger or equal to 50 MW, irrespective of the type of fuel, solid, liquid or gaseous used for generating electricity and/or heat. One of the major environmental problems generated by the operation is the air emissions of SOx, NOx, CO, dust and also greenhouse gases such as N2O and CO2 (Barbu et al 2015, Danciulescu et al 2017 and small quantities of heavy metals (Petrescu et al 2017), halogenated compounds and dioxins, furans, depending on the chemical composition of the fuel used, the operating regime and applied emission reduction technologies (Nicolescu et al 2017. Taking into account the specific requirements of the BAT Conclusions, the first results obtained in the process of assessing the emission of HCl, HF and mercury in case of large combustion plants based on charcoal are also presented.…”

Active Perspectives on the Motivation of Human Resources in Organization to Meet Objectives

“…d) Depending on the nature of the means used to motivate staff, the motivation may be economic and moral-spiritual. The economic motivation [19] is intended to meet the expectations and economic aspirations of employees and is achieved through salaries, bonuses, cash rewards, but there are also cases when the employee is falling, financial imputations and fines apply. It plays an important role in any organization, because the expectations and aspirations of each employee mostly address the satisfaction of economic needs (food, housing, clothing, etc.).…”