Determination of stream-incision rate in the Appalachian plateaus by using cave-sediment magnetostratigraphy

Sasowsky, Ira D.; White, William Β.; Schmidt, Victor A.

doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1995)023<0415:dosiri>2.3.co;2

Cited by 51 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Comparable studies to this one in fluvial valleys suggest a double rectangular p.d.f. with 56 per cent probability of fluvial incision rates between 50 and 70 mm ka −1 , and 44 per cent probability for the range 70-200 mm ka −1 (Atkinson and Rowe, 1992;Sasowsky et al, 1995;Farrant et al, 1995). Table I summarizes the results of three Monte Carlo simulations with more than 10 5 trials in each.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rate of Glacial Valley Deepening During the Late Quaternary in Assynt, Scotland

Hebdon

Atkinson

Lawson

et al. 1997

Earth Surf. Process. Landforms

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A dated landscape history of the Allt nan Uamh valley in the Assynt area is constructed, spanning the last 300 ka, using geomorphological analysis, U-series speleothem dating, and existing cave surveys. The mean rate of valley deepening is estimated to lie between 47 and 68 m per glacial/interglacial cycle of 100 ka. This, combined with an estimated duration of glaciation, implies glacial erosion rates of about 2 mm a −1 , in agreement with modern process measurements.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rate of Glacial Valley Deepening During the Late Quaternary in Assynt, Scotland

Hebdon

Atkinson

Lawson

et al. 1997

Earth Surf. Process. Landforms

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Sediments enter the underground system as bedload of sinking streams, and are left behind upon diversion of the cave stream to a lower level. Cave sediments (Figure 4e) may remain virtually untouched by weathering or erosion for millions of years (White, 1988;Sasowsky et al, 1995). They preserve features of flow conditions prior to passage abandonment and can be interpreted in much the same way as alluvium-mantled strath terraces (Granger et al, 1997).…”

Section: Caves and Regional Landscape Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common method for dating clastic sediments in caves prior to radionuclide burial dating was the identification of palaeomagnetic reversals in fine-grained sediments (Schmidt, 1982;Sasowsky et al, 1995;Stock et al, 2005). Palaeomagnetic dating of sediments in cave passages involves the construction of a local magnetostratigraphic column based on the orientation of magnetic grains in fine sediments, and subsequent comparison with the global palaeomagnetic record.…”

Section: Dating Clastic Cave Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new chronology for the age of Appalachian erosional surfaces determined by cosmogenic nuclides in cave sediments

Anthony

Granger

2006

Earth Surf Processes Landf

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The relative chronology of landscape evolution across the unglaciated Appalachian plateaus of Kentucky and Tennessee is well documented. For more than a century, geomorphologists have carefully mapped and correlated upland erosional surfaces inset by wide-valley straths and smaller terraces. Constraining the timing of river incision into the Appalachian uplands was difficult in the past due to unsuitable dating methods and poorly preserved surface materials. Today, burial dating using the differential decay of cosmogenic 26 Al and 10 Be in clastic cave sediments reveals more than five million years of landscape evolution preserved underground. Multilevel caves linked hydrologically to the incision history of the Cumberland River contain in situ sediments equivalent to fluvial deposits found scattered across the Eastern Highland Rim erosional surface. Cave sediments correlate with: (1) thick Lafayettetype gravels on the Eastern Highland Rim deposited between c. 5·7 and c. 3·5 Ma; (2) initial incision of the Cumberland River into the Eastern Highland Rim after c. 3·5 Ma; (3) formation of the Parker strath between c. 3·5 Ma and c. 2·0 Ma; (4) incision into the Parker strath at c. 2 Ma; (5) formation of a major terrace between c.2·0 Ma and c. 1·5 Ma; (6) shorter cycles of accelerated incision and base level stability beginning at c. 1·5 Ma; and (7) regional aggradation at c. 0·85 Ma. Initial incision into the Appalachian uplands is interpreted as a response to eustasy at 3·2-3·1 Ma. Incision of the Parker strath is interpreted as a response to eustasy at 2·5-2·4 Ma. A third incision event at c. 1·5 Ma corresponds with glacial reorganization of the Ohio River basin. Widespread aggradation of cave passages at c. 0·85 Ma is interpreted as the beginning of intense glacial-interglacial cycling associated with global climate change.

show abstract

“…Paleomagnetic datums within a series of tiered cave passages were first used to Stratigraphy, paleomagnetism, and cosmogenic-isotope burial ages of fossil-bearing strata within Riverbluff Cave 5 estimate stream incision rates in the Mammoth Cave and Appalachian Plateau regions (Schmidt, 1982;Sasowsky et al, 1995;Springer et al, 1997). More recently, paleomagnetic measurements have been used in combination with cosmogenic-nuclide burial ages of sediment in other caves (Stock et al, 2005;Davis et al, 2011;Matmon et al, 2012).…”

Section: Paleomagnetismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stratigraphy, paleomagnetism, and cosmogenic-isotope burial ages of fossil-bearing strata within Riverbluff Cave, Greene County, Missouri

Rovey

Balco²,

Forir³

et al. 2017

Quat. res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Riverbluff Cave, in Greene County, Missouri, is a short single passage between the James River and its direct tributary, Ward Branch. Before stream incision the cave functioned as a spillway/piracy between the two streams during high-discharge events and accumulated a sequence of stratified fluvial sediments within the cave. Five cosmogenicnuclide burial ages for these sediments range from 0.984 to 0.570 Ma. These ages are consistent with both the stratigraphic order of the samples and the inferred position of the Matuyama/Brunhes paleomagnetic boundary. These ages indicate that sandy channel-facies deposits derived from Ward Branch entrances began to accumulate within the cave as early as 0.984 ± 0.065 Ma. This facies is capped by highly fossiliferous gravel beds dated at 0.658 ± 0.065 Ma, which contain abundant mammoth bones (possibly Mammuthus trogontherii) and other vertebrates. The high concentration implies that this deposit may record some type of mass-mortality event. By 0.570 ± 0.072 Ma, all Ward Branch entrances had been abandoned because of incision, and a laminated red clay derived from backflow from flooding along the James River capped the older channel sediments.

show abstract

Determination of stream-incision rate in the Appalachian plateaus by using cave-sediment magnetostratigraphy

Cited by 51 publications

References 0 publications

Rate of Glacial Valley Deepening During the Late Quaternary in Assynt, Scotland

Rate of Glacial Valley Deepening During the Late Quaternary in Assynt, Scotland

A new chronology for the age of Appalachian erosional surfaces determined by cosmogenic nuclides in cave sediments

Stratigraphy, paleomagnetism, and cosmogenic-isotope burial ages of fossil-bearing strata within Riverbluff Cave, Greene County, Missouri

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About