Determination of some botanical, phenological, physical and chemical characteristics of walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes grown in Tureky

Abstract

Abstract. Botanical, phenological, physical and chemical characteristics of promising walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes grown in the Beyazsu region (Mardin) of Turkey were studied during years 2012-2013. The physical properties of genotypes were attributed to the quality criteria of nuts. Fruit weight (Fw1), kernel weight (Kw), fruit length (Fl), fruit witdh (Fw2), fruit height (Fh), kerrnel ratio (Kr) and shell thickness (St) were determined as 9. 67-15.68 g, 5.35-8.54 g, 5.35-8.54 g, 33.53-45.78 mm, 28.42-37.00 mm, 28.30-36.32 mm, 48.35-67.27 % and 0.66-1.40 mm, respectively. The kernel color (Kc) and fruit size (Fs2) were light yellow and ekstra of all the genotypes. The fruits were found to be rich in crude protein (Cp) and crude oil (Co). The total energy (Toe), moisture (Mo), total ash (Ta), crude oil (Co), crude protein (Cp) and total carbohydrate (Toc) contents were determined as 692. respectively. Fruitful laterals (Frl) ranged from 40 to 90% while harvest date (Hd) ranged from 10-15 September to 1-10 October. The flowering habits (Fh) observed as 6 protandrous, 6 protogynous and 2 homogamous of the promising genotypes. The results might contribute to breeding studies in order to identify better walnut genotypes, the commercial production for the farmers in the region, and healthy diets in future.

Genetic Diversity among Some Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Genotypes by SSR Markers

“…Numerous studies have been conducted on walnut fruits concerning biochemical, phytochemical, and antioxidant characteristics, and their contribution to human health and nutrition. Walnut kernel has a high amount of protein, fat, vitamins, minerals, and polyphenols, therefore, placing walnut in the human diet is inevitable [3,4]. Walnut has been also using in folk medicine due to its high antioxidant capacity [5] and alkaloids content with antimicrobial properties and ω-3 fatty acid concentration [6] for a long time.…”

Some Chemical and Physical Qualities of Cold-Adapted Promising Walnut Genotypes:turkey, Bingol Region

“…Apart from 12YE28 and 12YE29, the genotypes had total oil content of over 50%. Simsek et al [13] reported a higher total oil content of 63.63-66.78% for 12 promising genotypes in Bingol but in different districts. However, the average total oil content of the genotypes of the present study was ca.…”

“…Therefore, there is a wide genetic variation adapted to the ecological conditions of the region and having different characteristics from each other. There is only a little literature related to walnuts grown in the Bingol province [12][13][14].…”

Morphological to Molecular markers: Plant genetic diversity studies in walnut (Juglans regia L.)-a review

“…The walnut plants are heterodichogamous in nature and genetic protandry is most common (Germain, 1997;Ipek et al, 2018;Lotfi et al, 2019) but this may be affected by ecological conditions (Sen, 1998). The mainly protandrous nature of walnut has been delineated by (Akca and Ozongun 2004;Khadivi-Khub 2014;Vahdati et al 2015;Ghanbari et al 2018;Beyhan Koyuncu et al 2005;Turkey and Ozatar 2007;Simsek and Osmanoglu 2010;Keles et al 2014;Akca et al 2015;Simsek et al 2017;Kilicoglu and Akca 2018;Bukucu et al 2020Cerovic et al 2010Cosmulescu and Botu 2012;Tsampas and Botu, 2013;Jacimovic et al 2020;Ionescu 2021;Shah et al, 2021). Whereas, Akhiani et al (2017) reported homogamous nature and Tsampas and Botu, (2013) found higher percentage of protogynous nature in walnut genotypes.…”

“…In China the NW reported by different researchers varied between 6.50 to 22.52 g (Zhang and Zhang, 1997;Wu and Wu 1997;Zhao et al, 2007a;Zhao et al 2007b;Tian et al 2008a;Zhao, 2008;Kong et al 2008;Tian et al 2009;Zhao et al 2009;Guo et al 2009;Hou et al 2010;Wang et al 2015). In Turkish walnut genotypes NW of 0.82 to 22.2 g (Sutyemez et al 1999;Acka and Sen 2001;Yarilgac and Koyuncu, 2001;Akca and Tosum, 2005;Akca, 2005;Balta et al 2005;Dogan et al 2005;Aslantas 2006, Koyuncu et al 2005Yarilgac et al, 2005;Unver and Celik, 2005;Karadag 2007;Beyhan and Ozatar, 2008, Beyhan 2009, Simsek, 2010bOsmanoglu and Simsek 2010;Simsek, 2010a;Karadag and Akca, 2011;Bayazit and Sumbul, 2012;Acka et al, 2015;Polat et al 2015;Simsek et al, 2017;Paris 2015;Demir et al 2019) has been reported. NW varied between 10.99 to 19.61 g in Italy (Akca and Sen, 1994) while Miletic et al (1999) reported NW between 5.0-14.4 g in Yugoslavia.…”