Determination of Soluble Fibrin by Turbidimetry of its Protamine Sulphate-Induced Paracoagulation

Wieding, J. U.; Eisinger, G.; Köstering, H.

doi:10.1515/cclm.1989.27.2.57

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…Several tests have been proposed for the measurement of fibrin monomer. Early methods were based on paraeoagulation pheno mena with protamine (24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29) or ethanol, agglutination of erythrocytes coaled with fibrin monomer (30), or chromatography using insolubilized fibrinogen or fibrinogen derivatives (10, II). Functional tests for soluble fibrin monomer rely on the enhancement of (PA-induced plas minogen activation by fibrin-fibrinogen complexes, measured with a chromogenic substrate for plasmin (21,22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Immunological and Functional Assays for Measurement of Soluble Fibrin

et al. 1995

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SummaryVarious assays have been developed for quantitation of soluble fibrin or fibrin monomer in clinical plasma samples, since this parameter directly reflects in vivo thrombin action on fibrinogen. Using plasma samples from healthy blood donors, patients with cerebral ischemic insult, patients with septicemia, and patients with venous thrombosis, we compared two immunologic tests using monoclonal antibodies against fibrin-specific neo-epitopes, and two functional tests based on the cofactor activity of soluble fibrin complexes in tPA-induced plasminogen activation. Test A (Enzymun®-Test FM) showed the best discriminating power among normal range and pathological samples. Test B (Fibrinostika® soluble fibrin) clearly separated normal range from pathological samples, but failed to discriminate among samples from patients with low grade coagulation activation in septicemia, and massive activation in venous thrombosis. Functional test C (Fibrin monomer test Behring) displayed good discriminating power between normal and pathological range samples, and correlated with test A (r = 0.61), whereas assay D (Coa-Set® Fibrin monomer) showed little discriminating power at values below 10 μg/ml and little correlation with other assays. Standardization of assays will require further characterization of analytes detected.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Immunological and Functional Assays for Measurement of Soluble Fibrin

et al. 1995

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“…Our results show that the assay has at least the potential to predict thrombotic disorders, mainly because of the relatively low values and narrow distribution range of SF levels within the normal population. It is interesting to note that other SF assays frequently report relatively high SF values in normal individuals, often well in the g/ml range (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). These findings seem to conflict with what is observed for alternative markers for thrombotic activity, i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Alternatively, a different form of fibrin, i.e. desAA-fibrin, is generated by the use of snake venom-derived enzymes (14,15,17,20). The latter strategy results in a functionally different and possibly also immunogenically different species of SF as compared to that generated by thrombin in vitro and in vivo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A New Enzyme Immunoassay for Soluble Fibrin in Plasma, with a High Discriminating Power for Thrombotic Disorders

Bos¹,

Laterveer-Vreeswijk²,

Lockwood³

et al. 1999

Thromb Haemost

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SummaryFibrin formation is a multistep process initiated by thrombin. At first thrombin converts fibrinogen to fibrin molecules which in vivo form soluble complexes with fibrinogen. Soluble fibrin is considered to be an early biochemical marker for intravascular fibrin formation and impending thrombotic events, such as deep venous thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE) and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC).A new enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was developed on the basis of a monoclonal antibody directed against a fibrin specific neo-epitope located on the gamma-chain of fibrinogen; γ-(312-324). In addition, it was possible to prepare a lyophilized reference material of thrombin-generated soluble fibrin, that allowed for full antigen recovery after reconstitution with buffer. Assay conditions, e.g. solid phase-Ig concentration and buffer composition, sample and conjugate dilution, and incubation times were optimised.The present assay was found to be specific (no interference of homologous antigens) and reproducible (intra-assay CV 4-8%, inter-assay CV 4-9%), and therefore highly suited for measuring soluble fibrin levels in a plasma milieu. The median normal value for soluble fibrin was determined in plasma samples obtained from apparently healthy volunteers (n = 81) and found to be 0.040 μg/ml, with a range (10-90 percentiles) of 0.026-0.059 μg/ml.A retrospective study showed that soluble fibrin levels were highly significantly increased in patients with a confirmed diagnosis of DIC (median 1.042 μg FEU/ml, range 0.160-2.319 μg/ml, n = 21, P <0.0001 vs normal), PE (median 0.527 μg FEU/ml, range 0.084-1.234 μg/ml, n = 29, P <0.0001 vs normal) and DVT (median 0.126 μg FEU/ml, range 0.059-0.878 μg/ml, n = 36, P <0.0001 vs normal), as determined by the Mann-Whitney U-Test.

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“…With this in mind, numerous investigators have evaluated and compared different methods for detecting and monitoring thrombosis. These methods have included tests for soluble fibrin (SF) (1-13), prothrombin fragment 1+2 (8,10), fibrinopeptide A (5,6,8,9), thrombin-antithrombin III complex (1,8,10,13), elastase (10) and alpha 2 plasmin inhibitor complex (8,13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid-SF: A Rapid Whole-Blood Screen for Soluble Fibrin Monomer

Hay

Bull²

2002

Thromb Haemost

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SummaryThrombosis accounts for a high proportion of disability and death in the West. Although soluble fibrin (SF) assays have been shown to be good predictors of thrombosis, current quantitative assays are too complex or lengthy to provide timely results, while simpler methods are qualitative and lack sensitivity. We here describe a rapid, new, protamine-based whole-blood screening method for SF which is quantitative and suitable for point-of-care use. Citrated whole blood is mixed with reagent under controlled conditions and the time until development of an SF precipitate is measured. Negative samples remain precipitate-free for 300 seconds. Strongly positive samples develop precipitate in as little as 10 seconds. SF times are mathematically converted to arbitrary SF units (SFU). This Rapid-SF test provides a simple and reliable means of detecting the presence of SF, and is well-suited for whole-blood rapid screening in the emergency department, operating room or clinic.

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Determination of Soluble Fibrin by Turbidimetry of its Protamine Sulphate-Induced Paracoagulation

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

Comparison of Immunological and Functional Assays for Measurement of Soluble Fibrin

Comparison of Immunological and Functional Assays for Measurement of Soluble Fibrin

A New Enzyme Immunoassay for Soluble Fibrin in Plasma, with a High Discriminating Power for Thrombotic Disorders

Rapid-SF: A Rapid Whole-Blood Screen for Soluble Fibrin Monomer

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