Determination of soluble CD44 in serum by using a label-free aptamer based electrochemical impedance biosensor

Zhou, Jie; Cheng, Kai; Chen, Xuan; Yang, Rui; Lu, Mengji; Liu, Ming; Chen, Yu; Lin, Zhenyu; Chen, Daozhen

doi:10.1039/c9an01764j

Cited by 31 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The specificity, observed between 390 pM and 100 nM, ranges from 30% to 41%, computed as the response to control normalized by the response to the CD44 analyte. This value is in analogy with other CD44 biosensors with lower signal (impedance decrease rate and current change, respectively) for control proteins [31,32], but these sensors were capable of working at lower concentrations. By processing the spectral envelope with the undersampled KLT, on the other hand, we obtained a much clearer response; this is shown in Figure 7b, where we report the change of ω as related to the CD44 concentration change.…”

Section: Biosensing Capability: Detection Of Cd44supporting

confidence: 65%

Optical Fiber Ball Resonator Sensor Spectral Interrogation through Undersampled KLT: Application to Refractive Index Sensing and Cancer Biomarker Biosensing

Tosi

Ashikbayeva

Bekmurzayeva

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Optical fiber ball resonators based on single-mode fibers in the infrared range are an emerging technology for refractive index sensing and biosensing. These devices are easy and rapid to fabricate using a CO2 laser splicer and yield a very low finesse reflection spectrum with a quasi-random pattern. In addition, they can be functionalized for biosensing by using a thin-film sputtering method. A common problem of this type of device is that the spectral response is substantially unknown, and poorly correlated with the size and shape of the spherical device. In this work, we propose a detection method based on Karhunen−Loeve transform (KLT), applied to the undersampled spectrum measured by an optical backscatter reflectometer. We show that this method correctly detects the response of the ball resonator in any working condition, without prior knowledge of the sensor under interrogation. First, this method for refractive index sensing of a gold-coated resonator is applied, showing 1594 RIU−1 sensitivity; then, this concept is extended to a biofunctionalized ball resonator, detecting CD44 cancer biomarker concentration with a picomolar-level limit of detection (19.7 pM) and high specificity (30–41%).

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Section: Biosensing Capability: Detection Of Cd44supporting

confidence: 65%

Optical Fiber Ball Resonator Sensor Spectral Interrogation through Undersampled KLT: Application to Refractive Index Sensing and Cancer Biomarker Biosensing

Tosi

Ashikbayeva

Bekmurzayeva

et al. 2021

Sensors

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“…Listed by the date of publication (from older to more recent). Method/sensor type Sensor surface Sensor size Functionalization used (ligand in bold) LoD Concentration range References DPV & EIS ITO 7.5 mm × 25 mm MWCNT-PDDA- HA -BSA 5.94 pg/mL 0.01 − 100 ng/mL 22 PEC & EIS ITO 2.5 cm × 0.8 cm TiO 2 NP-PDA- HA -PEG 0.44 pg/mL 0.005–500 ng/mL 23 EIS Gold Diameter: 3 mm Aptamers ( thiolated) 87 pg/mL 0.1–1000 ng mL 25 PEC ITO 0.5 cm × 0.5 cm Thickness: 1.5 mm TiO 2 /MX-BiVO 4 - HA 1.4 × 10 −2 pg/mL 2.2 × 10 −4 to 3.2 ng/mL 24 Fiber-optic spherical tip OF Fiber 125 µm Tip diameter: ~ 550 µm APTMS-gold-MUA- AbCD44 -BSA 17 pM (390 pg/mL) 0.006–100 nM (138 pg/mL to 2300 ng/mL) Current work AbCD44 antibodies against CD44 protein, APTMS (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane, DPV differential pulse voltammetry, EIS electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, HA hyaluronic acid, ITO indium tin oxide, MUA mercaptoundecanoic acid, MWCNT multiwalled carbon nanotubes, NP nanoparticles, OF optical fiber, PDA polydopamine, PDDA poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride, PEC photoelectrochemical. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another study, Soomro et al 24 used an insitu approach to form hybrid photoactive material for their photoelectrochemical biosensor for CD44 detection. Zhou et al 25 , on the other hand, developed an electrochemical biosensor using immobilized aptamers for label-free detection of CD44.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Label-free fiber-optic spherical tip biosensor to enable picomolar-level detection of CD44 protein

Bekmurzayeva

Ashikbayeva

Myrkhiyeva

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Increased level of CD44 protein in serum is observed in several cancers and is associated with tumor burden and metastasis. Current clinically used detection methods of this protein are time-consuming and use labeled reagents for analysis. Therefore exploring new label-free and fast methods for its quantification including its detection in situ is of importance. This study reports the first optical fiber biosensor for CD44 protein detection, based on a spherical fiber optic tip device. The sensor is easily fabricated from an inexpensive material (single-mode fiber widely used in telecommunication) in a fast and robust manner through a CO2 laser splicer. The fabricated sensor responded to refractive index change with a sensitivity of 95.76 dB/RIU. The spherical tip was further functionalized with anti-CD44 antibodies to develop a biosensor and each step of functionalization was verified by an atomic force microscope. The biosensor detected a target of interest with an achieved limit of detection of 17 pM with only minor signal change to two control proteins. Most importantly, concentrations tested in this work are very broad and are within the clinically relevant concentration range. Moreover, the configuration of the proposed biosensor allows its potential incorporation into an in situ system for quantitative detection of this biomarker in a clinical setting.

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“…Impedance sensors have been deployed for a variety of protein targets, using a frequency sweep at a fixed potential (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, EIS) [13][14][15] as well as a voltage sweep at a fixed frequency (differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) or square-wave voltammetry (SWV)) [16]. However, implementation and optimization of these sensors remains challenging due to non-specific binding, sensor drift and other factors [17] for all impedimetric sensors, particularly those using EIS or SWV measurements, with either the redox probe in solution or immobilized onto a BRE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Self-Assembled Monolayer Design and Electrochemical Factors on Impedance-Based Biosensing

Brothers

Moore

Lawrence

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Real-time sensing of proteins, especially in wearable devices, remains a substantial challenge due to the need to convert a binding event into a measurable signal that is compatible with the chosen analytical instrumentation. Impedance spectroscopy enables real-time detection via either measuring electrostatic interactions or electron transfer reactions while simultaneously being amenable to miniaturization for integration into wearable form-factors. To create a more robust methodology for optimizing impedance-based sensors, additional fundamental studies exploring components influencing the design and implementation of these sensors are needed. This investigation addresses a sub-set of these issues by combining optical and electrochemical characterization to validate impedance-based sensor performance as a function of (1) biorecognition element density, (2) self-assembled monolayer chain length, (3) self-assembled monolayer charge density, (4) the electrochemical sensing mechanism and (5) the redox reporter selection. Using a pre-existing lysozyme aptamer and lysozyme analyte combination, we demonstrate a number of design criteria to advance the state-of-the-art in protein sensing. For this model system we demonstrated the following: First, denser self-assembled monolayers yielded substantially improved sensing results. Second, self-assembled monolayer composition, including both thickness and charge density, changed the observed peak position and peak current. Third, single frequency measurements, while less informative, can be optimized to replace multi-frequency measurements and in some cases (such as that with zwitterionic self-assembled monolayers) are preferred. Finally, various redox reporters traditionally not used in impedance sensing should be further explored. Collectively, these results can help limit bottlenecks associated with device development, enabling realization of next-generation impedance-based biosensing with customize sensor design for the specific application.

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Determination of soluble CD44 in serum by using a label-free aptamer based electrochemical impedance biosensor

Abstract: A label-free aptamer-based electrochemical impedance biosensor was developed for convenient and rapid detection of serum tumor biomarker CD44.

Cited by 31 publications

References 27 publications

Optical Fiber Ball Resonator Sensor Spectral Interrogation through Undersampled KLT: Application to Refractive Index Sensing and Cancer Biomarker Biosensing

Optical Fiber Ball Resonator Sensor Spectral Interrogation through Undersampled KLT: Application to Refractive Index Sensing and Cancer Biomarker Biosensing

Label-free fiber-optic spherical tip biosensor to enable picomolar-level detection of CD44 protein

Impact of Self-Assembled Monolayer Design and Electrochemical Factors on Impedance-Based Biosensing

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