Determination of Selected Organochlorine Pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Human Serum*

Burse, Virlyn W.; Head, Susan L.; Korver, Margaret P.; McClure, Patricia C.; Donahue, John F.; Needham, Larry L.

doi:10.1093/jat/14.3.137

Cited by 62 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The extraction/clean-up methodology of pesticides from human serum, described by Burse et al. (23) (1). When the Sep Pak step was eliminated, the toxic effect disappeared ( Figure 5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a marker of exposure to xenoestrogen mixtures in human serum.

Soto

Fernández

Luizzi

et al. 1997

Environ Health Perspect

103

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It has been hypothesized that environmental estrogens may play a role in the increasing incidence of breast cancer, testicular cancer, and other problems of the reproductive system. While a single causal agent can be identified in cases in which humans have had occupational exposures, wildlife showing signs of reproductive damage have usually been exposed to a combination of endocrine disruptors that may act cumulatively. The development of appropriate biomarkers of cumulative exposure, and their measurement at developmental points where exposure is critical, are required to test the environmental estrogen hypothesis. Measuring levels of each of the xenoestrogens in blood is a better approximation of real exposure at the target organ level than inferring cumulative exposure by estimating from mass balance of dietary levels. However, the cumulative estrogenicity of mixtures cannot be directly concluded from individual xenoestrogen plasma levels. Two approaches may be used to assess total load: a) the development of methods to study mixtures of these xenoestrogens, to quantify their cumulative effects, and to begin to understand their interactions (i.e., additivity, synergy, antagonism, or independent action), so that plasma concentrations may be translated into units of activity such as "estradiol equivalents"; and b) the development of methods to separate xenoestrogens from ovarian estrogens in blood and to directly measure the estrogenic activity of the xenoestrogen extract using a bioassay. The cumulative activity may be used as a marker of exposure to xenoestrogens. This article reports the development of a method to extract and separate xenoestrogens from ovarian estrogens using human serum as a source, followed by using a bioassay for determination of the cumulative xenoestrogen load as "estradiol equivalents."

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“…The extraction/clean-up methodology of pesticides from human serum, described by Burse et al. (23) (1). When the Sep Pak step was eliminated, the toxic effect disappeared ( Figure 5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a marker of exposure to xenoestrogen mixtures in human serum.

Soto

Fernández

Luizzi

et al. 1997

Environ Health Perspect

103

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“…The gas chromatography with electron capture detection was calibrated by repetitive analysis of standard mixtures of selected individual PCB congeners at six levels for the quantification of individual congeners. The analysis method for individual PCB congeners was a modified version of established methods (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)). …”

Section: Assay Methods For Dde Ddt B-hch and Pcbsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Correlation Study of Organochlorine Levels in Serum, Breast Adipose Tissue, and Gluteal Adipose Tissue among Breast Cancer Cases in India

Rusiecki

Matthews

Sturgeon

et al. 2005

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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We used data from a breast cancer pilot study carried out in Kerala, India in 1997, for which organochlorine levels were measured in three biological media, blood serum, breast adipose tissue, and gluteal adipose tissue, of 37 fasting breast cancer cases (pretreatment). Our objective was to investigate the relationships between organochlorine concentrations in different biological media. Gas-liquid chromatography determined serum, breast adipose, and gluteal adipose tissue levels of dichlorodiphenyltricholorethane, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane, B-benzene hexachloride, and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners, PCB-153 and PCB-180. Correlation plots were made and Spearman correlation coefficients (r) calculated for breast adipose tissue versus serum, gluteal adipose tissue versus serum, and breast adipose versus gluteal adipose tissue. We also examined paired ratios of all summary statistics. There were strong correlations among serum, breast adipose tissue, and gluteal adipose tissue concentrations for most organochlorines analyzed, one exception being gluteal versus serum for PCB-153. The correlations for all other comparisons ranged from r = 0.65 to 0.94. Serum (ng/g) versus adipose ratios approached 1:1 for most of the organochlorine pesticide comparisons and did not vary by summary statistic. To our knowledge, this is the first study to use three different media from fasting subjects and to comprehensively investigate the relationship between organochlorines measured across the three media for both organochlorine pesticides and PCBs. These data indicate that blood serum reflects the present body burden of a range of organochlorines to the same extent as adipose tissue, and they support the view that serum may be collected in lieu of adipose tissue to obtain similar information. However, such measurements are a combination of both recent exposures and past exposures, which have metabolized slowly and may still persist. Therefore, investigators should use caution when assigning a level as lifetime body burden. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2005;14(5):1113 -24)

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“…Many analytical procedures for determination of pesticides or drugs in human body fluids include deproteination with acids [20, 21, 24 26, 30] or organic solvents such as methanol [4,10,13,31] or acetonitrile [9]. To improve recoveries the effect of the addition of sulfuric acid, trichloroacetic acid (TCA), and methanol on the efficiency of extraction of OC pesticides in direct immersion SPME was studied.…”

Section: Direct-immersion Spmementioning

confidence: 99%

Gas chromatographic determination of selected pesticides in human serum by head-space solid-phase microextraction

et al. 2001

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SummaryA simple and rapid method, employing head-space solid-phase microextraction then gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, has been developed for the simultaneous determination of nine organochlorine pesticides (0~-HCH, hexachlorobenzene, hndane, endosulfan ether, 0~-endosulfan, p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDD, endosulfan sulfate, and p,p'-DDT) and five organophosphorus pesticides (fonofos, parathion methyl, fenitrothion, chlorpyrifos, and ethion) in human serum. Sulfuric acid (9 M, 50 I~L), water (2 mL), and surrogate/internal standard solution (p,p'-DDE-D8, hexachlorobenzene53C6, and fenitrothion D6; 5014) were added to the serum sample (1 mL) and the resulting solution was sampled by head-space SPME at 90 ~ for 30 min. Quantitation was performed by means of calibration curves prepared by use of serum, using areas relative to those of the surrogates. Precision was found to be better than 20% at three concentration levels assayed in the ng mL 1 range. The detection limits were in the range 0.1 to 6 ng mL 1 forall compounds.Finally application of the optimized procedure enabled the detection of some pesticides in serum samples obtained from agricultural workers. Hexachlorobenzene, p,p'-DDE, and chlorpyrifos were found most frequently in the samples analyzed.

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Determination of Selected Organochlorine Pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Human Serum*

Cited by 62 publications

References 16 publications

Developing a marker of exposure to xenoestrogen mixtures in human serum.

Developing a marker of exposure to xenoestrogen mixtures in human serum.

A Correlation Study of Organochlorine Levels in Serum, Breast Adipose Tissue, and Gluteal Adipose Tissue among Breast Cancer Cases in India

Gas chromatographic determination of selected pesticides in human serum by head-space solid-phase microextraction

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