Determination of selected metals in coal samples from Lafia-Obi and Chikila

Jauro, Aliyu; Chigozie, Akoma; Nasirudeen, MB

doi:10.4314/swj.v3i2.51799

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The elemental composition and elemental ratios of the coal sample used in this study are listed in Table 5. The obtained values for C, N and H contents are within the range observed for various types of coal [66,62]. The C/N ratios of coal sample used in this study are higher than those reported for two south Brazilian coals [71].…”

Section: Proximate Analysis and Coal Qualitysupporting

confidence: 80%

“…The organic matter content calculated (OM %) was calculated from the carbon content by multiplying with a value of 1.7 ( Table 3). The derived organic matter content of the coal sample used in the present study is comparatively higher than Lafia-Obi coal (Jauro et al, 2008; Nasirudeen and Jauro, 2011).…”

Section: Proximate Analysis and Coal Qualitymentioning

confidence: 62%

“…The volatile matter on dry and wet basis of pulverised coal sample is (5.6; 6.3) respectively ( Table 5). The volatile matter of the pulverised coal sample used in this study is considerable lower than the American coal (31.36 %), Polish coal (32.61 %), Lafia-Obi (29.37 %) and Chikila (44.27 %) [66,62]. Volatile matter, apart from its use in coal ranking, is one of the most important parameters used in determining their suitable applications [67].…”

Section: Proximate Analysis and Coal Qualitymentioning

confidence: 86%

“…This is relatively higher than fixed carbons obtained from Chikila (40.83 %) coal. On the contrary, it is considerably lower than the fixed carbons in the Lafia-Obi (61.93 %), American (62.87 %) and Polish (62.60 %) coals [66,62]. The carbon content of a coal is essential in coke making because it is the mass that forms the actual coke [72].…”

Section: Proximate Analysis and Coal Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Sub-Bituminous Coal and Its Combustion Products from Mpumalanga Province, South Africa

Akinyemi¹,

Gitari²,

Akinlua³

et al. 2012

Analytical Chemistry

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Analytical Chemistry 48 in coal are emitted into flue gas, fly ash or bottom ash of combustion plants. In a flue gas stream, trace elements are fixed in ash particles and in by-products such as gypsum and sludge if wet flue gas desulphurization unit is equipped. Coal fly ash is a solid residue from the combustion processes of pulverised coal for the production of electrical power in power generating stations, especially when low-grade coal is burnt to generate electricity [7, 8, 9]. The coal burning power stations in the Mpumalanga Province, South Africa generates over 36.7 Mt of fly ash annually in which only 5 % is currently utilized, the rest being disposed of in the ash dams, landfills, or ponds [9, 10]. During combustion, mineral impurities in the coal, such as clay, feldspars, and quartz, are fused in suspension and float out of the combustion chamber with exhaust gases. As the fused material rises, it cools and solidifies into spherical glassy particles called fly ash [11]. The properties of the coal fly ash depend on the physical and chemical properties of the parent coal, coal particle size, the burning process and the type of ash collector. This article presents results obtained from mineralogical and chemical characterization of coal and its combustion products from a coal burning power station in the Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. The main objective of the study is to understand the role of combustion process, chemical interaction of fly ash with ingressed CO2 and percolating rain water on the mineralogy and chemical compositions of fly ash. 2. Methodology/research approach 2.1. XRF and LA-ICPMS analyses Pulverised coal samples and its combustion products were analysed for major element using Axios instrument (PANalytical) with a 2.4 kWatt Rh X-ray Tube. Further, the same set of samples were analysed for trace element using LA-ICPMS instrumental analysis. LA-ICP-MS is a powerful and sensitive analytical technique for multi-elemental analysis. The laser was used to vaporize the surface of the solid sample and it was the vapour, and any particles, which was then transported by the carrier gas flow to the ICP-MS. The detailed procedures for sample preparation for both analytical techniques are reported below. 2.1.1. Fusion bead method for Major element analysis  Weigh 1.0000 g ± 0.0009 g of milled sample  Place in oven at 110 ºC for 1 hour to determine H2O- Place in oven at 1000 ºC for 1 hour to determine LOI  Add 10.0000 g ± 0.0009 g Claisse flux and fuse in M4 Claisse fluxer for 23 minutes.  0.2 g of NaCO3 was added to the mix and the sample+flux+NaCO3 was pre-oxidized at 700 °C before fusion.  Flux type: Ultrapure Fused Anhydrous Li-Tetraborate-Li-Metaborate flux (66.67 % Li2B4O7 + 32.83 % LiBO2) and a releasing agent Li-Iodide (0.5 % LiI).

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Section: Proximate Analysis and Coal Qualitysupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Proximate Analysis and Coal Qualitymentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Proximate Analysis and Coal Qualitymentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Proximate Analysis and Coal Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Sub-Bituminous Coal and Its Combustion Products from Mpumalanga Province, South Africa

Akinyemi¹,

Gitari²,

Akinlua³

et al. 2012

Analytical Chemistry

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“…It also presents the comprehensive data on the combustion characteristics, thermal behaviour, and degradation kinetics of CHK. Previous studies have examined the thermal analysis [21], pyrolysis and tar evaluation [22], mineralogical analysis [23] and organic geochemistry [14] of CHK in literature. To the best of authors' knowledge, there are limited data on the physico-chemical and thermokinetic fuel properties of Chikila coal, which this paper will address in detail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the Combustion Characteristics of Chikila Coal Through the Kissinger Kinetics Model

Nyakuma¹

2020

ChChT

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The combustion characteristics of Chikila coal (CHK) from Nigeria have been examined. It was established that CHK has a high carbon and fixed carbon content, but low nitrogen, sulphur, and ash content. Based on coal heating value, it was classified as a high volatile B bituminous coal. The temperature profile characteristics were examined through thermogravimetric analysis. The combustion kinetics of CHK was examined based on the Kissinger model. It is shown that CHK is a potentially good feedstock for future energy recovery and industrial utilization.

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Geomineralogical, Physiochemical, Thermal and Kinetic Characterisation of Selected Coals From the Benue Trough and Anambra Basins in Nigeria

Nyakuma

Jauro

Akinyemi

et al. 2020

Preprint

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This study examined the geomineralogical, physiochemical, thermal, and kinetic characteristics of selected coals from Chikila (CHK), Lafia Obi (LFB) and Okaba (OKB) in the Benue Trough and Anambra Basins of Nigeria. Physicochemical characterisation revealed significant quantities of carbon, volatiles, fixed carbon, and heating values (25–30 MJ/kg) but low moisture, and ash contents. The fuel properties indicate subbituminous to bituminous rank coals. The morphological, microstructure and elemental analyses revealed heterogeneous sized coal particles with a glassy sheen due to clay and aluminosilicate minerals such as quartz, alumina, kaolinite, and hematite. Based on thermal analysis, the coal samples are highly reactive and experienced significant thermal degradation as evident in the high mass losses (ML = 91.59 – 94.04%) and low residual masses (RM = 5.96% - 8.41%), which are observed in the orders LFB > OKB > CHK for ML and CHK > OKB > LFB for RM. LFB experienced the highest ML and lowest RM indicating it is more thermally reactive compared to OKB and CHK. Kinetic analysis by Coats-Redfern model revealed low values of activation energy, Ea (30.07 – 43.91) kJ/mol and frequency factor A (1.16×10-02 – 6.73×10-02) min-1 deduced at high R2 (0.98-0.99). The kinetic parameters demonstrated that the selected coal samples are highly reactive under oxidative conditions which are suited for energy recovery through pulverised coal combustion.

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Determination of selected metals in coal samples from Lafia-Obi and Chikila

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Sub-Bituminous Coal and Its Combustion Products from Mpumalanga Province, South Africa

Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Sub-Bituminous Coal and Its Combustion Products from Mpumalanga Province, South Africa

Determination of the Combustion Characteristics of Chikila Coal Through the Kissinger Kinetics Model

Geomineralogical, Physiochemical, Thermal and Kinetic Characterisation of Selected Coals From the Benue Trough and Anambra Basins in Nigeria

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