Determination of selected chlorodibenzofurans and chlorodibenzodioxins using two-dimensional gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

Ligon, Woodfin V.; May, Ralph J.

doi:10.1021/ac00294a014

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The use of a column switching system with coupled columns together with medium-resolution mass spectrometry (3)(4)(5). This method suffers from the problem of determining the retention time windows for the cutting, which are influenced by unavoidable matrix effects.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective separation of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran by high-resolution gas chromatography and by alumina column liquid chromatography

Swerev¹,

Ballschmiter²

1987

Anal. Chem.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective separation of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran by high-resolution gas chromatography and by alumina column liquid chromatography

Swerev¹,

Ballschmiter²

1987

Anal. Chem.

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“…Soil samples are not available from public sources for other industrial facilities known to use or produce 2,4,5‐TCP, namely Montrose, Clean Earth, Drew Chemical, and Alliance Chemical. The results of work by others, however, support an expectation that the dioxin profiles associated with 2,4,5‐TCP at these and similar facilities will be dominated by 2,3,7,8‐TCDD (Baughman and Newton 1972; Hagenmaier 1986; Ligon and May 1986; US Environmental Protection Agency 1986). As such, the dioxin profile in soils at these facilities should closely match the end member 3 profile.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The chlorinated phenol 2,4,5‐TCP historically has been used as a fungicide and herbicide and as an intermediary in the manufacture of a variety of chemicals such as 2,4,5‐T; 2,4,5‐trichlorophenoxy propionate; hexachlorophene; and fenchlorphos. It is known to contain 2,3,7,8‐TCDD as an impurity (Baughman and Newton 1972; Hagenmaier 1986; Ligon and May 1986; US Environmental Protection Agency 1986). As described, 2,4,5‐TCP and products derived from it were historically associated with several facilities located along the lower Passaic River.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources of 2,3,7,8‐Tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin and Other Dioxins in Lower Passaic River, New Jersey, Sediments

Bock¹,

Brown²,

Wenning³

et al. 2021

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Elevated levels of polychlorinated dibenzo‐p‐dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and other contaminants have been reported in lower Passaic River, New Jersey, USA, sediments since the 1980s. Nearly 8000 surficial and buried sediment samples have been collected along the 17 miles (27.4 km) of river and analyzed for various contaminants, including the seventeen 2,3,7,8‐substituted PCDD/F congeners. Principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis reveal spatial heterogeneity in the distribution of dioxin congeners, with respect to both sediment depth and river mile. Polytopic vector analysis resolved 11 unique 2,3,7,8‐substituted dioxin congener profiles in the river sediment. The profiles were consistent with multiple dioxin source types, including manufacture of certain dyes and pigments, chlorinated industrial chemicals, hexachlorophene, polychlorinated biphenyls, waste disposal and incineration, the production and use of 2,4,5‐trichorophenol (2,4,5‐TCP), and other industrial processes. The distribution of dioxin profiles in surface and buried river sediments is indicative of multiple inputs of 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin (2,3,7,8‐TCDD) and other dioxins at different locations along the lower Passaic River. These findings are inconsistent with historical claims that a former herbicide manufacturing plant in the lower reach of the river is the only significant 2,3,7,8‐TCDD source and consistent with evidence of several different inputs associated with the production, use, and/or disposal of 2,4,5‐TCP at several locations along the lower Passaic River. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:1499–1519. © 2020 SETAC

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“…Schomburg accepts only the latter type as multidimensional (he prefers the term "multichannel" for the first) (21). Ligon and May distinguish between two-stage and two-dimensional GC, depending on whether the two columns connected in series are of the same or different polarity (22). According to Cowper, multidimensional GC involves fitting one or more columns in such a way that the carrier gas flow can be reversed, stopped, or diverted (23).…”

Section: Concept Of Multidimensionality In Gcmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The method made it possible to use a lower MS resolution (3000) instead of the commonly used level of 10,000 because of the reliability of the chromatographic separation of the analyte. Later, 2,3,7,8-TCDF was determined from the commercial PCB mixture Aroclor 1242 and from a fly ash extract, as well as 2,3,7,8-TCDD from 2,2'methylenebis(2,4,6-trichlorophenol) (22).…”

Section: Recent Applications Of Gc-gcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidimensional gas chromatography: State of the art

Himberg

Sippola

Riekkola

1989

J Microcolumn Separations

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Abstract. Gas chromatography (GC) is one of the most important techniques of organic analytical chemistry. It is widely used in the analysis of complex samples in environmental and medical applications. In order to reliably identify and quantitate the analyte that often exists at a residual concentration level, the GC system must in many cases have a separation power that cannot be achieved using one column within a reasonable analysis time. An extremely high resolution can be achieved by two-stage GC (multidimensional GC, two-dimensional GC), where the sample flows of two GC columns have been connected on-line by a valve or valve system in such a way that only a selected fraction from the partly separated sample eluting from the first column can be transferred to the second column for further separation. This review describes the development of the technique and discusses areas of its applicability.

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Determination of selected chlorodibenzofurans and chlorodibenzodioxins using two-dimensional gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

Cited by 17 publications

References 18 publications

Selective separation of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran by high-resolution gas chromatography and by alumina column liquid chromatography

Selective separation of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran by high-resolution gas chromatography and by alumina column liquid chromatography

Sources of 2,3,7,8‐Tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin and Other Dioxins in Lower Passaic River, New Jersey, Sediments

Multidimensional gas chromatography: State of the art

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