Determination of sediment deposition of Hasanlar Dam using bathymetric and remote sensing studies

Abstract

Hasanlar Dam and Hydroelectric Power Plant are located on Küçük Melen Creek in the Western Black Sea Basin of Turkey. The dam was constructed in 1974 to provide domestic water needs of the Düzce Province, to supply irrigation water need, to control and mitigate floods and to produce hydroelectric power. This dam has been subjected to severe sedimentation since its construction in 1974. Therefore, bathymetric field survey studies were conducted to determine storage loss in the Hasanlar Dam reservoir by sedimentation. Bathymetric survey data from the reservoir site of the Hasanlar Dam were obtained in 1979, 1999 and 2014. Analysis of the bathymetric data, GIS and remotes sensing techniques showed that storage loss in reservoir active volume between 1974 and 1999 was 24% and between 1974 and 2014 storage loss was 26%. Analysis of the bathymetric maps also showed that sediment accumulation is severe near and around the dam body and the spillway whose discharge capacity was decreased by sediment accumulation. This is extremely critical because the flood of May 1998 caused the high risk of collapse of dam due to reduced capacity of the spillway. Remote sensing technique was used to determine the future deposition of sediment in the reservoir. For this purpose, 35 points in the reservoir area were determined by comparing the relative water depths and actual water depths using satellite image of the bathymetry in July 2017 and Lake Observation Station. High correlation (R 2 = 0.833) was calculated by using logarithmic nonlinear regression analysis between actual and relative water depths for those 35 control points. The average of absolute values of differences between the estimated and actual water depths was found as 1.06 m, and RMSE was calculated as 1.25 m. This analysis shows that in the future, remote sensing data can be used in the studies of determining the depth of water and the total sediment thickness. In addition, the volume of the entire reservoir can be predicted by measuring the actual water depth only at those 35 control points without making a bathymetric map of the whole dam reservoir.

The Accuracy of Satellite Derived Bathymetry in Coastal and Shallow Water Zone

“…It has been applied as an effective supplemental approach to compromise the growing demands of up to date and comprehensive bathymetric depth data because of its tremendous spatial coverage and flexibility (Gao, 2009). Hence, this satellite bathymetry technique has substantiated itself as a beneficial reconnaissance instrument for nearshore imagery derived bathymetry mapping application (Mateo-Pérez et al, 2020;Jégat et al, 2016;Pe'eri et al, 2013) as well as detecting the seafloor changes (Pacheco et al, 2014;Darama et al, 2019).…”

Analisis Dinamika Tingkat Kekeruhan Dan Kedalaman Relatif Perairan Di Waduk Sutami Kabupaten Malang

“…Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara tingkat kekeruhan dan kedalaman perairan pada proses sedimentasi di suatu perairan. Penginderaan jauh memberikan berbagai macam keuntungan dalam pengukuran kedalaman perairan yang meliputi durasi pengukuran lebih singkat, biaya dan tenaga lebih efisien [35], [36]. Citra satelit optis dalam teknologi penginderaan jauh telah terbukti dapat dimanfaatkan secara luas untuk mengukur kedalaman perairan [36], [37].…”

“…Penelitian sebelumnya berusaha mengindentifikasi variasi kedalaman suatu perairan secara relatif dengan memanfaatkan citra multispektral seperti Landsat (Land Satellite) Enhanced Thematic Mapper+ (ETM+) [37], [41] dan Landsat 8 [35]. Pengukuran kedalaman perairan menggunakan formula Relative Water Depth yang merupakan parameter independen albedo bawah yang mengindikasikan tutupan dasar perairan oleh lamun atau material pasir pada bagian perairan dengan kedalaman yang sama [42].…”

“…Jika analisis hubungan ini juga dilakukan pada bagian tepi perairan waduk, maka hasil keluaran dapat menjadi bias, terutama hasil yang terkait dengan analisis NDTI untuk identifikasi tingkat kekeruhan. Hasil penelitian lain menunjukkan bahwa nilai bias ini dapat terjadi apabila terdapat bentukan budidaya di atas perairan tersebut atau perairan yang diamati merupakan perairan yang tidak homogen [35]. Penelitian tersebut menegaskan bahwa citra Landsat memberikan hasil analisis sedimentasi yang baik pada area yang tidak mempunyai kesan perbedaan rona yang jelas (gelap atau terang) pada perairan, misalnya pada bagian tengah perairan.…”

Sediment Yield Analysis in Tahtaköprü Dam Basin

“…Sediment distribution in the Ujjani Dam reservoir in India was investigated by evaluating two empirical methods, and compared the volume-height graphs of the reservoir with the original values (Tukaram et al, 2016). Sedimentation in the Hasanlar Dam reservoir was examined by using bathymetric data, GIS and remote sensing techniques, it was stated that the storage loss between 1974 and 1999 was 24% in the reservoir active volume and 26% between 1974 and 2014 (Darama et al, 2019). Sediment accumulation volume was investigated to define the sedimentation regime and to calculate the reservoir life in the Kalimanci Dam reservoir which was built in 1969 in Macedonia for the period between 1969 and 2013 (Mincev et al, 2019).…”