Determination of reference intervals and comparison of venous blood gas parameters using a standard and nonstandard collection method in 51 dogs

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine reference intervals (RI) for venous blood parameters determined with the RAPIDPoint 500 (RP500) blood gas analyzer using blood gas syringes (BGS) and to determine whether immediate analysis of venous blood collected into lithium heparin (LH) tubes can replace anaerobic blood sampling into BGS. The null hypothesis was that canine venous blood samples collected in BGS and in LH tubes are comparable. Jugular blood was collected from 51 healthy dogs into a BGS and a LH tube. The BGS was immediately analyzed followed by the LH tube. The RI were calculated from BGS results. The BGS and LH tubes results were compared using paired t-test or Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test and Bland-Altman analysis. To assess clinical relevance, the bias between BGS and LH tubes was compared with the allowable total error (TEa). Values derived from LH tubes showed no significant difference for standard bicarbonate (HCO3std), whole blood base excess (BE B), Na, K, Cl, glucose and hemoglobin (tHb). The pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide and oxygen, actual bicarbonate, extracellular base excess, ionized Ca, anion gap and lactate were significantly (p.

Blood calcium, glucose and haematology profiles of parturient bitches diagnosed with uterine inertia or obstructive dystocia

“…Among the 12 bitches that had Ht values recorded both on the RAPIDpoint 500 and Sysmex XT‐2000iV analyser, six had Ht below 42% measured by the Sysmex XT‐2000iV from EDTA blood, but above 42% measured by the RAPIDpoint 500 from blood collected into heparinized RAPIDLyte ® syringes. Hb concentration was below the reference range (<13.9 g/dl)(Bachmann et al., ) in five of 22 dogs. Platelet and WBC counts were above the normal range in eight and ten of 12 bitches, respectively.…”

“…Blood glucose concentration in all dogs ( n = 26) was 6.2 ± 1.4 mmol/L (2.9–9.2). According to the reference interval of our RAPIDpoint 500 system (3.9–6.4 mmol/L) (Bachmann et al., ), hypoglycaemia was detected in one small (<10 kg) and one medium size (10–25 kg) bitch in the PUI group, whereas hyperglycaemia was present in nine dogs. Dystocia group (Figure ), litter size and body weight of the bitch were not associated with blood glucose levels ( p ≥ .612).…”

“…In the PUI group, a Bolonka Zwetna gave birth to all her six pups after medical treatment with intravenous 10% calcium gluconate to correct for initial hypocalcaemia (iCa = 1.14 mmol/L; reference interval 1.23–1.40 mmol/L) (Bachmann, Kutter, Jud Schefer, & Sigrist, ) and with oxytocin (0.5–1 IU/animal) administration. In a normocalcaemic, normoglycaemic Boxer bitch with PUI, treatment was switched after two dosages of oxytocin (1 IU/animal) to Caesarean section, as the medical treatment was unsuccessful.…”

“…(2.9-9.2). According to the reference interval of our RAPIDpoint 500 system (3.9-6.4 mmol/L) (Bachmann et al, 2018), hypoglycaemia was detected in one small (<10 kg) and one medium size (10-25 kg) bitch in the PUI group, whereas hyperglycaemia was present in nine dogs.…”

“…Ionized calcium concentration in the whole study population (n = 25) was 1.24 ± 0.08 mmol/L (1.07-1.37 mmol/L). Hypocalcaemia (iCa <1.23 mmol/L; reference interval 1.23-1.40 mmol/L) (Bachmann et al, 2018) was present in 11 of the 25 bitches (44%); six in the PUI, two in the SUI and three in the OD group (Figure 1). Ionized calcium concentrations were in the lower third of the reference range (1.23 mmol/L ≤ iCa < 1.29 mmol/L) in six dogs (24%); three in the PUI group, two in the SUI and one in the OD group.…”