Determination of reduced sulfur gases in antarctic lakes and seawater by gas chromatography after solid adsorbent preconcentration

Deprez, Patrick P.; Franzmann, P.D.; Burton, H. R.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(01)86946-6

Cited by 46 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…DMSP likely originates from Bacillariophyta or Dinoflagellida as Organic Lake Dunaliella have been reported not to produce DMSP in culture (Franzmann et al, 1987b). Based on the abundance of marker genes, DMSP cleavage is predicted to occur at highest levels in the deep zone (Figure 4c) where the DMS concentration has been measured to be highest (Deprez et al, 1986;Franzmann et al, 1987b;Gibson et al, 1991;. Consistent with DMS levels, the concentration of DMSP (Gibson et al, 1991) and DMSO (J Gibson, unpublished results) in the bottom zone of Organic Lake has also been found to be high, although DMSP levels reported in a separate study were not as high , possibly reflecting technical difficulties measuring methylated sulfur compounds.…”

Section: Molecular Basis For Unusual Sulfur Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The salt and marine biota in the lake originate from seawater that was trapped in a basin B3000 years BP when the continental ice sheet receded and the land rose above sea level (Bird et al, 1991;Zwartz et al, 1998;Gibson, 1999). The bottom water of Organic Lake is unusual due to the absence of hydrogen sulfide and the high concentration of the gas dimethylsulfide (DMS), dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) and polysulfides (Deprez et al, 1986;Franzmann et al, 1987b;Gibson et al, 1991;. Concentrations of DMS as high as 5000 nM have been recorded in Organic Lake (Gibson et al, 1991), 100 times the maximum concentration recorded from seawater in the adjacent Prydz Bay and at least 1000 times that of the open Southern Ocean (Curran and Jones, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metagenomic insights into strategies of carbon conservation and unusual sulfur biogeochemistry in a hypersaline Antarctic lake

et al. 2013

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Organic Lake is a shallow, marine-derived hypersaline lake in the Vestfold Hills, Antarctica that has the highest reported concentration of dimethylsulfide (DMS) in a natural body of water. To determine the composition and functional potential of the microbial community and learn about the unusual sulfur chemistry in Organic Lake, shotgun metagenomics was performed on size-fractionated samples collected along a depth profile. Eucaryal phytoflagellates were the main photosynthetic organisms. Bacteria were dominated by the globally distributed heterotrophic taxa Marinobacter, Roseovarius and Psychroflexus. The dominance of heterotrophic degradation, coupled with low fixation potential, indicates possible net carbon loss. However, abundant marker genes for aerobic anoxygenic phototrophy, sulfur oxidation, rhodopsins and CO oxidation were also linked to the dominant heterotrophic bacteria, and indicate the use of photo-and lithoheterotrophy as mechanisms for conserving organic carbon. Similarly, a high genetic potential for the recycling of nitrogen compounds likely functions to retain fixed nitrogen in the lake. Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) lyase genes were abundant, indicating that DMSP is a significant carbon and energy source. Unlike marine environments, DMSP demethylases were less abundant, indicating that DMSP cleavage is the likely source of high DMS concentration. DMSP cleavage, carbon mixotrophy (photoheterotrophy and lithoheterotrophy) and nitrogen remineralization by dominant Organic Lake bacteria are potentially important adaptations to nutrient constraints. In particular, carbon mixotrophy relieves the extent of carbon oxidation for energy production, allowing more carbon to be used for biosynthetic processes. The study sheds light on how the microbial community has adapted to this unique Antarctic lake environment.

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Section: Molecular Basis For Unusual Sulfur Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metagenomic insights into strategies of carbon conservation and unusual sulfur biogeochemistry in a hypersaline Antarctic lake

et al. 2013

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“…The most important of these are carbon disulphide, carbonyl sulphide (COS), methanethiol (MT), dimethyl sulphide (DMS) and dimethyl disulphide (DMDS). DMS in particular has been shown to be produced in large amounts in aquatic environments (Zinder et al, 1977;Bechard 8z Rayburn, 1979;Ferek et al, 1986;Dacey 8z Wakeham, 1986;Franzmann et al, 1987), and large scale biological production of MT, DMDS (and probably tri-and tetrasulphide) have been reported (Bremner & Steele, 1978;Konig et al, 1980;Deprez et al, 1986;Drotar et al, 1987). DMDS was shown to be produced by numerous bacterial strains isolated from activated sludge (Tomita et al, 1987) and to be reduced to methanethiol in salt marsh sediments (Kiene & Capone, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Physiological Characterization of Autotrophic Sulphur Bacteria Oxidizing Dimethyl Disulphide as Sole Source of Energy

Smith¹,

Kelly²

1988

Microbiology

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The isolation of a number of strains of bacteria able to grow on dimethyl disulphide and dimethyl sulphide as sole source of energy is described. The isolates came from diverse habitats, including soil, peat, marine mud and a freshwater pond. The isolates were morphologically and physiologically best described as thiobacilli, capable of growth as Calvin cycle autotrophs on inorganic sulphur compounds, methylated sulphides or thiocyanate. They could not grow heterotrophically or methylotrophically. One isolate (E6) was examined in detail. Substrate oxidation kinetics indicated that methanethiol, sulphide, formaldehyde and formate, but not dimethyl sulphide, could be implicated as intermediates in dimethyl disulphide metabolism. Apparent K, values for the oxidation of dimethyl disulphide and methanethiol were 2.5 and 3.2 p .~ respectively. Growth yields in chemostat culture on dimethyl disulphide with and without thiosulphate indicated that energy conservation was probably coupled to the oxidation of formaldehyde and sulphide (derived from dimethyl disulphide via methanethiol) to C 0 2 and sulphate. Maximum growth yield (Y,,,) on dimethyl disulphide was 17 g cell-carbon per mol of dimethyl disulphide. At one dilution rate (0.078 h-l), the biomass of a culture limited by dimethyl disulphide increased when thiosulphate was also supplied, indicating a thiosulphatedependent yield of 2-45 g cell-carbon mol-l. This is the first demonstration of the isolation of organisms into pure culture that are capable of growth on dimethyl disulphide as sole energy substrate, and of degrading it completely to C 0 2 and sulphate.

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“…A utilização de peneira molecular 5A para a pré-concentração de H 2 S e SO 2 foi primeiro recomendada, em 1978, por Black et al, 46 e posteriormente utilizada com sucesso por outros pesquisadores na amostragem de diferentes compostos de enxofre. 47,48 Este adsorvente possui alto BTV, permitindo a captura não criogênica dos CRE da atmosfera, além de apresentar uma boa recuperação dos compostos dessorvidos: 83-87% (SO 2 ) e 75-82% (H 2 S). 46 Steudler e Kijowski 49 combinaram a peneira molecular 5A com Tenax GC com o objetivo de coletar simultaneamente um maior número de compostos voláteis de enxofre (COS, H 2 S, CH 3 SH, CS 2 , CH 3 SCH 3 e CH 3 S 2 CH 3 ).…”

Section: Adsorção Em Sólidos Ou Metaisunclassified

“…81 Teflon, também inerte, é o material mais comumente usado em colunas empacotadas para análise de CRE. 23,35,47,50,[55][56][57][58][59][82][83][84][85] Os empacotamentos mais utilizados na análise desses compostos são: Chromosil 310 ou 330, 23,35,57,59,82,86 Carbopack B ou BHT, 10,50,55,56,58,60 Supelpak S, 85 Éter polifenil / H 3 PO 4 sobre Chromosorb T, 87 Porapack QS. 47,84,88,89 As colunas capilares de sílica fundida feitas de sílica especialmente purificada contendo quantidades mínimas de óxidos metálicos têm suficiente inércia, ocorrendo poucos problemas de adsorção, além da alta resolução, facilitando assim a análise de traços de compostos de enxofre.…”

Section: Cromatografia Gasosaunclassified

Métodos de amostragem e análise para compostos reduzidos de enxofre atmosférico

Cruz¹,

Campos²

2008

Quím. Nova

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Recebido em 16/3/07; aceito em 18/9/07; publicado na web em 19/3/08 SAMPLING AND ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR ATMOSPHERIC REDUCED SULPHUR COMPOUNDS. This work presents a review of sampling and analytical methods that can be applied to atmospheric traces of reduced sulphur compounds (RSC) in the atmosphere. Sampling methodology involving discontinuous methods with preconcentration is mostly used. For the most part, adsorption on solids and cryogenic capture are applied as a procedure. The analysis of these compounds has been done mainly by gas chromatography with FPD, fluorescence and spectrophotometry. Advantages and disadvantages of the methodologies are also mentioned in this paper, aiming to guide the reader towards the most appropriate choice of a sampling and analytical method for RSCs.Keywords: reduced sulphur compounds; air sampling; trace analysis. INTRODUÇÃOA amostragem de componentes traços atmosféricos tem se tornado um desafio constante, pois sendo o ar um sistema heterogêneo e multifásico, constituído de gases, partículas líquidas, sólidas e heterogêneas, cuja composição varia espacial e temporalmente, é provavelmente a matriz ambiental mais difícil para se obter amostras representativas. 1A exigência por técnicas exatas, confiáveis e sensíveis para o monitoramento de componentes traços atmosféricos tem aumentado continuamente. As razões para isto incluem não apenas a crescente preocupação com a qualidade ambiental, mas também o fato da poluição atmosférica não ser um problema apenas local. Adicionalmente, informações seguras sobre componentes do ar são necessárias para o entendimento do seu comportamento químico e físico na atmosfera, e para identificar, solucionar ou controlar um problema ambiental.Exceto os componentes principais que se mantêm constantes na atmosfera através de suas taxas de formação e de decaimento, as espécies químicas encontram-se geralmente em concentrações muito baixas na atmosfera, devido a processos de dispersão e diluição. Desta forma, o método de amostragem utilizado deve ser o mais eficiente possível, devendo-se tomar cuidados específicos para evitar problemas, que uma vez ocorridos nesta etapa, não poderão ser corrigidos posteriormente durante a análise.De maneira geral, entre os aspectos mais relevantes a serem considerados no planejamento de uma amostragem estão: os objetivos do trabalho, que influenciam diretamente na escolha do mé-todo de amostragem, ao lado das concentrações esperadas do analito, a disponibilidade de dados meteorológicos, o transporte e estocagem das amostras e as condições de análise.Um sistema ideal de amostragem de ar deve atender aos seguintes requisitos: a amostra deve ser representativa da matriz; o procedimento de amostragem deve ser simples, para que possa ser utilizado em qualquer região (inclusive em áreas remotas); o tamanho da amostra obtida deve ser compatível com a sensibilidade do método analítico e, não devem ocorrer perdas e/ou degradação da amostra durante o período de amostragem, ou durante o tempo entre a amostragem e a análise.1,2 A...

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Determination of reduced sulfur gases in antarctic lakes and seawater by gas chromatography after solid adsorbent preconcentration

Cited by 46 publications

References 25 publications

Metagenomic insights into strategies of carbon conservation and unusual sulfur biogeochemistry in a hypersaline Antarctic lake

Metagenomic insights into strategies of carbon conservation and unusual sulfur biogeochemistry in a hypersaline Antarctic lake

Isolation and Physiological Characterization of Autotrophic Sulphur Bacteria Oxidizing Dimethyl Disulphide as Sole Source of Energy

Métodos de amostragem e análise para compostos reduzidos de enxofre atmosférico

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