Determination of rail steel structural elements via the method of atomic force microscopy

Abstract

The distance between pearlite plates is an important parameter for control of ductility and deformation strengthening of carbon steels. Most methods of optical end electronic microscopy for measuring the distances between cementite and pearlite plates in pearlite steels make definite complications when applying to high-dispersed microstructures. At present time rail steels with pearlite structure are fabricated with interlamellar distance 60-130 nm. This research used atomic force microscopy (AFM) for measuring interlamellar distances of pearlite structure in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of rail welded joint. Qualitative evaluation of cementite and ferrite plates thickness was obtained for the first time, depending on location relating to a rail weld fusion line. The input of cementite plates in strength on the base of Hall-Petch equation was considered. Influence of the relationship between the size of pearlite colonies d p and thickness of cementite plates t c on metal destruction stress of a HAZ welded joint was assessed.

Review of modern requirements for welding of pipe high-strength low-alloy steels

“…В процессе сварочного нагрева свариваемого метала, плавления присадочной проволоки формируется сварной шов с литой структурой, который имеет зону перехода к структуре основного металла (HAZ), именно в этой зоне происходит снижение значений ударной вязкости [14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

“…The dependences of the preheating temperature on the carbon equivalent for steels and Seferian metal thickness [24] 51 technology охлаждению сварного шва, что может привести к образованию трещин [1]. Влияние структурных параметров на микромеханизм разрушения металла сварного соединения из традиционных низкоуглеродистых низколегированных трубных сталей было предметом значительных работ [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Показано, что разрушение металла участка шва ЗТВ сварного соединения сталей этого класса соответствует двум механизмам: хрупкому транскристаллитному и вязкому.…”

Strategy of introduction of information system in trade and logistics company

“… Checking the compatibility of new software with existing systems [4].  Preparation of the system for operation, including installation and configuration of the necessary software [24][25][26][27].  Installing the system on the server and configuring interfaces and monitoring the stability of functioning [28].…”

Integration of automated information systems and architectural solutions in industrial enterprises

“…Another challenge is the training of personnel to use the new system [4,5]. The workforce must be trained to understand the new technology and how to use it effectively.…”