Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their nitrated and oxygenated derivatives in coffee brews using an efficient cold fiber-solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography mass spectrometry method

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their Derivatives (O-PAHs, N-PAHs, OH-PAHs): Determination in Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) – a Review

“…Oliveira Galvao et al ( 2018) and Kitanovski et al (2020) proposed using GC-MS to analyze both nitro-and oxy-PAHs. Also, Gao et al (2018), Mueller et al (2019) and dos Santos et al (2019) presented a similar procedure. The possibility of measurements at a room temperature (where the nitro-PAHs are more stable) is the main advantage in using (U)HPLC in comparison to GC.…”

Electrochemical fabrication of polypyrrole/hazelnut shells modified carbon nanocomposite sorbent for determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography

“…The screening step was then carried out with 11 experiments at high (+1) and low (−1) levels, that for temperature was 20 and 46°C, time of 10 and 80 min, and salt concentration of 10 and 30% (w/v) including three replicates at the center of the experimental domain to evaluate the experimental error designed by the software, according to Table S1, which was filled after the experiments. The low and high values for each factor were selected after initial testing and paper reviewing (29,31,32). The sequence of the tests was randomly assigned to prevent any potential memory effect of the analytical apparatus.…”

“…While, in one variable at a time or factorial methods, it was necessary to perform a large number of experiments that were both costly and time consuming, the CCD provide a small number of experiments in which the effects of variables and their interference can be reliably examined. In this study, the −1 and +1 levels of variables were selected based on the results of the screening step (previous step), and results obtained by the other researchers working on solid-phase microextraction of PAHs (29,31,32). Hence, the CCD was used in the next phase, in order to determine the best extraction conditions.…”

Triazine‐based covalent organic polymer: A promising coating for solid‐phase microextraction

“…The oxygenated and nitrated derivatives of PAHs were usually neglected as environmental pollutants. However, such a situation is being re-evaluated since these derivatives have shown even higher mutagenicity and carcinogenicity than the PAHs themselves [3,4]. PAHs together with…”

“…Article Related Abbreviations: BET, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller; CC, cyanuric chloride; COP, covalent organic polymer; EF, enrichment factor; MOF, metal-organic framework; PAHs, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; PDMS, polydimethylsiloxane; TSB, trans-stilbene their derivatives can shift from natural or anthropogenic sources into environmental water samples, giving rise to potential water pollutions [5]. Therefore, a number of analytical techniques have been used for the analysis of PAHs and their derivatives such as GC-MS [3,4], GC [6,7], HPLC [8,9], and LC-MS/MS [10,11]. Efficient sample pretreatment is a key step for the sensitive and accurate determination of PAHs and their derivatives in the environment.…”