Determination of Polyacetylenes and Ginsenosides in Panax Species Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography

Washida, Daisuke; Kitanaka, Susumu

doi:10.1248/cpb.51.1314

Cited by 69 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Ginsenoside Rg1 is a major and important active compound among the components of ginseng root (Washida and Kitanaka, 2003). In this study, the concentration range of Rg1 used was submicromolar.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Essential Role of cAMP Response Element Binding Protein in Ginsenoside Rg1-Mediated Inhibition of Na⁺/Glucose Cotransporter 1 Gene Expression

Wang

Huang

et al. 2015

Mol Pharmacol

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The Na 1 /glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1) is responsible for glucose uptake in intestinal epithelial cells. It has been shown that the intestinal SGLT1 level is significantly increased in diabetic individuals and positively correlated with the pathogenesis of diabetes. The development of targeted therapeutics that can reduce the intestinal SGLT1 expression level is, therefore, important. In this study, we showed that ginsenoside Rg1 effectively decreased intestinal glucose uptake through inhibition of SGLT1 gene expression in vivo and in vitro. Transient transfection analysis of the SGLT1 promoter revealed an essential cAMP response element (CRE) that confers the Rg1-mediated inhibition of SGLT1 gene expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and targeted CRE-binding protein (CREB) silencing demonstrated that Rg1 reduced the promoter binding of CREB and CREB binding protein associated with an inactivated chromatin status. In addition, further studies showed that the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway also plays an essential role in the inhibitory effect of Rg1; taken together, our study demonstrates the involvement of the EGFR-CREB signaling pathway in the Rg1-mediated downregulation of SGLT1 expression, which offers a potential strategy in the development of antihyperglycemic and antidiabetic treatments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Essential Role of cAMP Response Element Binding Protein in Ginsenoside Rg1-Mediated Inhibition of Na⁺/Glucose Cotransporter 1 Gene Expression

Wang

Huang

et al. 2015

Mol Pharmacol

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“…Fifty-six batches of commercial samples, labeled as white ginseng (raw P. ginseng, WG1 -WG3), red ginseng (steamed P. ginseng, RG1-RG17), and America ginseng (AG1 -AG18), were purchased from 20 drugstores of Macau (18) and Guangdong (2), China, while P. notoginseng (NG1 -NG18) was obtained from Wenshan, Yunnan Province of China. The botanical origins of the materials were identified, but samples of AG9 and AG12 were identified as P. ginseng rather than as P. quinquefolius, as claimed by the merchants.…”

Section: Materials and Chemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical characteristics of three medicinal plants of the Panax genus determined by HPLC‐ELSD

Wan

Li²,

Chen

et al. 2007

J of Separation Science

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The morphological appearance and main ingredients of three Chinese medicines (CMs), P. ginseng, P. quinquefolius, and P. notoginseng of the Panax genus, are similar. However, their pharmacological activities are obviously different. To ensure their safety and efficacy, chemical characteristics of the three CMs were determined using pressurized liquid extraction and HPLC-evaporative light scattering detection. Twelve major saponins, namely notoginsenoside R1, pseudo-ginsenoside F11, ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rf, Rb1, Rg2, Rc, Rb2, Rb3, Rd, and Rg3 were also quantitatively compared among the three CMs. The contents of total investigated saponins varied considerably, by up to 4-14-fold, between the highest (P. notoginseng, 82.8-136.5 mg/g) and the lowest values (P. ginseng, 10.0-21.1 mg/g). Hierarchical clustering analysis based on the characteristics of 11 investigated saponins (except ginsenoside Rb3) and notoginsenoside R1, pseudo-ginsenoside F11, and the ratio of ginsenoside Rg1/Rb1 and Rg1/Re showed that 56 tested samples were divided into three main clusters in accordance with the three Panax species. Similarity evaluation of chromatograms was also performed using "Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Version 2004A)". The results showed that a high degree of similarity existed within individual clusters, but a low degree between the clusters, which could be used for quality control of the three CMs.

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“…All ginsenosides have the same structure of four trans-ring rigid steroid skeleton with the difference in their number and site of attachment of hydroxyl groups (Gillis 1997, Attele et al 1999. Ginsenoside Rb 1 is the most abundant one among more than 20 ginsenosides in ginseng root despite different sources and species (Attele et al 2002, Washida & Kitanaka 2003, Lim et al 2005. Our recent study showed that ginsenoside Rb 1 , (Washida & Kitanaka 2003), facilitated adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes by enhancing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor g 2 (PPARg2) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein a gene expression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ginsenoside Rb 1 is the most abundant one among more than 20 ginsenosides in ginseng root despite different sources and species (Attele et al 2002, Washida & Kitanaka 2003, Lim et al 2005. Our recent study showed that ginsenoside Rb 1 , (Washida & Kitanaka 2003), facilitated adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes by enhancing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor g 2 (PPARg2) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein a gene expression. In addition, Rb 1 binds to PPARg-ligand-binding domain as measured by surface plasmon resonance, which suggests that Rb 1 has the ability to activate PPARg (Shang et al 2007b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ginsenoside Rb1 stimulates glucose uptake through insulin-like signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

Shang

Yang²,

Zhou³

et al. 2008

Journal of Endocrinology

102

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A series of clinical trials and animal experiments have demonstrated that ginseng and its major active constituent, ginsenosides, possess glucose-lowering action. In our previous study, ginsenoside Rb 1 has been shown to regulate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor g activity to facilitate adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells. However, the effect of Rb 1 on glucose transport in insulin-sensitive cells and its molecular mechanism need further elucidation. In this study, Rb 1 significantly stimulated basal and insulin-mediated glucose uptake in a time-and dose-dependent manner in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and C2C12 myotubes; the maximal effect was achieved at a concentration of 1 mM and a time of 3 h. In adipocytes, Rb 1 promoted GLUT1 and GLUT4 translocations to the cell surface, which was examined by analyzing their distribution in subcellular membrane fractions, and enhanced translocation of GLUT4 was confirmed using the transfection of GLUT4-green fluorescence protein in Chinese Hamster Ovary cells. Meanwhile, Rb 1 increased the phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 and protein kinase B (PKB), and stimulated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) activity in the absence of the activation of the insulin receptor. Rb 1 -induced glucose uptake as well as GLUT1 and GLUT4 translocations was inhibited by the PI3K inhibitor. These results suggest that ginsenoside Rb 1 stimulates glucose transport in insulin-sensitive cells by promoting translocations of GLUT1 and GLUT4 by partially activating the insulin signaling pathway. These findings are useful in understanding the hypoglycemic and anti-diabetic properties of ginseng and ginsenosides.

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Determination of Polyacetylenes and Ginsenosides in Panax Species Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography

Cited by 69 publications

References 14 publications

An Essential Role of cAMP Response Element Binding Protein in Ginsenoside Rg1-Mediated Inhibition of Na⁺/Glucose Cotransporter 1 Gene Expression

An Essential Role of cAMP Response Element Binding Protein in Ginsenoside Rg1-Mediated Inhibition of Na⁺/Glucose Cotransporter 1 Gene Expression

Chemical characteristics of three medicinal plants of the Panax genus determined by HPLC‐ELSD

Ginsenoside Rb1 stimulates glucose uptake through insulin-like signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

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Determination of Polyacetylenes and Ginsenosides in Panax Species Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography

Cited by 69 publications

References 14 publications

An Essential Role of cAMP Response Element Binding Protein in Ginsenoside Rg1-Mediated Inhibition of Na+/Glucose Cotransporter 1 Gene Expression

An Essential Role of cAMP Response Element Binding Protein in Ginsenoside Rg1-Mediated Inhibition of Na+/Glucose Cotransporter 1 Gene Expression

Chemical characteristics of three medicinal plants of the Panax genus determined by HPLC‐ELSD

Ginsenoside Rb1 stimulates glucose uptake through insulin-like signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

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An Essential Role of cAMP Response Element Binding Protein in Ginsenoside Rg1-Mediated Inhibition of Na⁺/Glucose Cotransporter 1 Gene Expression

An Essential Role of cAMP Response Element Binding Protein in Ginsenoside Rg1-Mediated Inhibition of Na⁺/Glucose Cotransporter 1 Gene Expression