Determination of Platinum, Palladium, and Lead in Biological Samples by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

Tillery, John B.; Johnson, Donald E.

doi:10.2307/3428205

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The background levels reported by Messerschmidt et al. () using AV were much lower than those in earlier reports ( − ). There is no explanation of the differences at the present time.…”

Section: Biological Materialscontrasting

confidence: 60%

Determination of Platinum at Trace Levels in Environmental and Biological Materials

Barefoot

1997

Environ. Sci. Technol.

116

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The treatment of exhaust gases from motor vehicles equipped with autocatalytic converters has resulted in the removal of about 90% of carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxides from the exhaust. However, contamination of the environment occurs in the form of airborne particulate material (or dust) from the abrasion and deterioration of the catalysts. The dust contains precious metals, mainly platinum together with palladium and rhodium. It is deposited along the roadways, on soil and vegetation, and in bodies of water. Sensitive analytical methods are required for determinations of very low levels of platinum in environmental samples in order to ascertain the extent and the seriousness of this relatively new source of pollution. The difficulties in obtaining accurate results in analyses even for total platinum concentrations are formidable. This review is a summary of recent research on the determinations of platinum and other precious metals in dust, vegetation, soil, water, and biological materials. Some results of studies of speciation of platinum in environmental materials are presented also.

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“…The background levels reported by Messerschmidt et al. () using AV were much lower than those in earlier reports ( − ). There is no explanation of the differences at the present time.…”

Section: Biological Materialscontrasting

confidence: 60%

Determination of Platinum at Trace Levels in Environmental and Biological Materials

Barefoot

1997

Environ. Sci. Technol.

116

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“…Therefore, only the tissues of Pt group animals were analyzed. Tissues of the Pt group animals were analyzed by flaneless atomic absorption spectroscopy employing a wet ashing procedure modified that described by Tillery (17). Samples were collected in acid washed test tubes.…”

Section: Environmental Health Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue Organ Distribution and Behavioral Effects of Platinum Following Acute and Repeated Exposure of the Mouse to Platinum Sulfate

Lown¹,

Morganti²,

Stineman³

et al. 1980

Environmental Health Perspectives

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“…All these pollution problems, faced today by the spreading of the PGEs in the environment were foreseen by Tillery and Jhonson (1975), who 38 years ago projected that the catalytic converters will increase the levels of Pt and Pd, and will intensify their role as environmental pollutants. They devised methods for the determination of Pt and Pd in biological samples such as blood, urine, hair, etc., and emphasized the necessity for the development of base line levels, for the future monitoring of these elements in the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Environmental Impact of the Platinum Group Elements (Pt, Pd, Rh) Emitted by the Automobile Catalyst Converters

Kalavrouziotis

Koukoulakis

2008

Water Air Soil Pollut

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The present paper deals with an extensive review of literature concerning the platinum group elements (PGEs), and their impact on the environment. The increased number of cars and vehicles fitted with catalytic converters, has been linked with the wide spread in the environment of the PGEs, i.e. Pt, Pd and Rh. Numerous studies present compelling evidence that the catalytic converters, do not only minimize the pollution caused by the car exhaust fumes, but also they release in the environment particulate matter containing the above noble elements, which accumulate in the soil, and plants, or remain suspended in the air, being transported to large distances. Indeed, the concentration of these noble elements in the soil and plants has increased significantly during the last 10-15 years, especially along the road side of high ways. Assessment of the PGEs health risk was originally based on measuring the body fluid in Pt, Pd and Rh content of occupationally involved people, as well as of the general population. Recent results based on cellular studies show that the PGEs are related to respiratory sensitization, allergic reactions, dermatitis, urticaria, damage of the epithelial lung cells, asthma, rhinoconjuctivitis, lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine release and possibly to cancer. In spite of the progress attained, more work is necessary for an accurate health risk assessment.

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Determination of Platinum, Palladium, and Lead in Biological Samples by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

Determination of Platinum at Trace Levels in Environmental and Biological Materials

Determination of Platinum at Trace Levels in Environmental and Biological Materials

Tissue Organ Distribution and Behavioral Effects of Platinum Following Acute and Repeated Exposure of the Mouse to Platinum Sulfate

The Environmental Impact of the Platinum Group Elements (Pt, Pd, Rh) Emitted by the Automobile Catalyst Converters

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