Determination of physico-chemical parameters for bitumens using near infrared spectroscopy

Blanco, M.; Maspoch, S.; Villarroya, I.; Peralta, Xomalin G.; González, Josep M.; Torres, Jeamichel Puente

doi:10.1016/s0003-2670(01)00811-x

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The growing popularity of NIRS in the early 1980s can be attributed to the availability of stand-alone NIR instruments offering enhanced reproducibility, instrumental accessories and statistical software. Those include lightfibre optics, sample desk probes, imaging systems, optimised detectors, progress in miniaturisation and use of chemometrics to correlate the spectral data with physical and chemical properties of the samples [6]. In-and online methods could be developed to perform kinetic studies and to control and monitor automated processes, including chemical [7,8] and polymer applications [9 -11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast, noninvasive and simultaneous near‐infrared spectroscopic characterisation of physicochemical stationary phases' properties: From silica particles towards monoliths

Petter

Heigl

Bonn

et al. 2008

J of Separation Science

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The design of novel stationary phases is a permanent demanding challenge in chromatographic separation science to enable analysis with enhanced selectivity, specificity and speed. Therefore, the characterisation of chemical and physical properties is next to calculation of chromatographic parameters essential. Conventionally, chemical parameters including surface coverage are determined by burning combustion or frontal analysis, physical parameters including particle size, pore size, pore volume and surface area are determined by SEM, mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). All these methods are time consuming, invasive and require besides special equipment some special trained laboratory staff. Therefore, we introduced near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) as a noninvasive, easy-to-handle technology with wavenumber ranging from 4000 to 10,000 cm(-1) enabling analysis within only a few seconds at higher precision than the conventional methods. Investigated materials comprise porous and nonporous silica gel, carbon-based nanomaterials (fullerenes), polymer beads and monoliths. Different carriers themselves and their kind of derivatisations (RP, normal-phase, ion-exchanger, IMAC (immobilised metal affinity chromatography), affinity) can be determined by applying principal component analysis (PCA) of recorded spectra. Partial least square regression (PLSR) enables the determination of particle size, pore size, pore volume, porosity, total porosity and surface area with one single measurement. For the optimised design of well-defined polymer beads and monoliths, real-time in situ monitoring to control, e. g. particle and pore sizes as well as monomer content during the polymerisation process, can be extremely helpful. In this article, the advantages of this fast, noninvasive high-throughput NIRS methods are summarised, discussed in detail and different applications of the individual characterised materials are shown.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast, noninvasive and simultaneous near‐infrared spectroscopic characterisation of physicochemical stationary phases' properties: From silica particles towards monoliths

Petter

Heigl

Bonn

et al. 2008

J of Separation Science

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“…pressure, API gravity, and aromatics contents Kelly and Callis., 1990;Litani-Barzilai et al, 1997;Wang et al, 1997); real-time classification of petroleum products (Kim et al, 2000); and monitoring of oil refining units . Blanco et al (2000Blanco et al ( , 2001 used a scanning-grating NIR spectro-scope (NIRSystems 6500) in the wavelength range of 1100 to 2500 nm with a sample cuvette of 0.2 mm light path length to determine the penetration value, viscosity, density, softening point, Fraass breaking point, and SARA (saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes) composition of "bitumen" -the heavy crude oil fraction obtained by direct distillation. Kallevik et al (2000) used the same NIR instrument to analyze asphaltene and resin concentrations in solvent-diluted asphalteneresin solutions.…”

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confidence: 99%

Analysis of Solvent‐Diluted Bitumen from Oil Sands Froth Treatment Using NIR Spectroscopy

2004

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I n the extraction of bitumen from oil sands, bitumen froth treatment is an essential step to remove water and solids from bitumen froth (Clark and Pasternack, 1932;Tipman and Shaw, 1993). The bitumen froth usually contains about 60 wt% bitumen, 30 wt% water, and 10 wt% solids. Current commercial froth treatment employs naphtha dilution followed by multistage centrifugation, which gives a diluted bitumen product containing 0.3 to 1.0 wt% solids and 1 to 5 wt% water (Tipman and Shaw, 1993). An alternative froth treatment process that uses aliphatic solvent as diluent can produce a diluted bitumen product that contains less than 0.1 wt% water/solids and controlled levels of asphaltenes (Long et al., 2002(Long et al., , 2004Tipman and Long, 1999;Tipman et al., 2001). The performance of bitumen froth treatment process using aliphatic solvent depends greatly on controlling process parameters; among the most important of these are the solvent-to-bitumen ratio (S/B, by wt), asphaltenes rejection level, and density of the solventdiluted bitumen oil phase. Successful control of these process parameters ensures the desired level of asphaltenes in product, sufficiently high settling flux of water and solids, and on-spec product (e.g., containing less than 0.1 wt% water-plus-solids).At present, the S/B of solvent-diluted bitumen is usually determined by vacuum rotary evaporation (Rotavapor), the asphaltenes content in bitumen is analyzed using the standard ASTM (ASTM D 3279-97) or IP (IP 143-96) methods based on precipitation of asphaltenes by light aliphatic solvent followed by filtration, and the density of solvent-diluted bitumen is measured using a laboratory density meter. These analyses are labourintensive and time-consuming. Rotavapor takes approximately 1.5 h to complete and asphaltene content analysis takes about 6 h. Furthermore, the accuracy of the analytical results is subjected to the skill of the analyst. Consistency of the results from various laboratories is frequently not s a t i s f a c t o ry. Therefore, more reliable and faster analytical methods are required to better monitor performance and to permit timely adjustments of the operating conditions for bitumen froth treatment.Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy provides information on chemical and physical properties of sample components. Chemometric methods based on eigenvalue decomposition of a data matrix are effective tools for analyzing correlations between spectral information and sample composition and properties (Beebe and Kowalski, 1987;Kramer, 1998). NIR spectroscopy in combination with chemometrics is hence a powerf u l approach for convenient routine laboratory and on-line analysis.NIR techniques that have found applications in petroleum industry include determination of gasoline properties e.g. octane number, vapour * Author to whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail address: ylong@nrcan.gc.caProcess control and optimization of bitumen froth treatment during oil sands processing require rapid analysis of asphaltene content in bitumen, solve...

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“…The NIR spectroscopy technique has several attractive features including short analytical time, ease of operation, and having a diffused reflectance mode. Thus, NIR has been used widely in both laboratory scaled work and in industrial sectors for the qualitative and quantitative measurements of chemical components in several areas, for example, foods [11][12][13], agricultural products [14], materials [15], pharmaceuticals [16,17], and even the oil industry [18]. Generally, multivariate calibration analysis, such as a partial least square (PLS) regression model, is built to extract information from the rather featureless NIR spectra [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the Mechanical Properties of Rubber by FT-NIR

Pornprasit

Boonma

et al. 2016

Journal of Spectroscopy

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Mechanical tests, for example, tensile and hardness tests, are usually used to evaluate the properties of rubber materials. In this work, mechanical properties of selected rubber materials, that is, natural rubber (NR), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), and ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM), were evaluated using a near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy technique. Here, NR/NBR and NR/EPDM blends were first prepared. All of the samples were then scanned using a FT-NIR spectrometer and fitted with an integration sphere working in a diffused reflectance mode. The spectra were correlated with hardness and tensile properties. Partial least square (PLS) calibration models were built from the spectra datasets with preprocessing techniques, that is, smoothing and second derivative. This indicated that reasonably accurate models, that is, with a coefficient of determination [R2] of the validation greater than 0.9, could be achieved for the hardness and tensile properties of rubber materials. This study demonstrated that FT-NIR analysis can be applied to determine hardness and tensile values in rubbers and rubber blends effectively.

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Determination of physico-chemical parameters for bitumens using near infrared spectroscopy

Cited by 20 publications

References 12 publications

Fast, noninvasive and simultaneous near‐infrared spectroscopic characterisation of physicochemical stationary phases' properties: From silica particles towards monoliths

Fast, noninvasive and simultaneous near‐infrared spectroscopic characterisation of physicochemical stationary phases' properties: From silica particles towards monoliths

Analysis of Solvent‐Diluted Bitumen from Oil Sands Froth Treatment Using NIR Spectroscopy

Determination of the Mechanical Properties of Rubber by FT-NIR

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