Determination of phthalates in particulate matter and gaseous phase emitted in indoor air of offices

Abstract

Phthalate esters (PAEs) are endocrine disrupters and can disrupt the functioning of different hormones, causing adverse effects on human health. Due to the potential exposure to phthalates in office rooms, their concentrations in the air of these premises after their renovation and furnishing were determined. The aim of the study was to determine the content of these compounds in the gas phase and adsorbed on the particles. Thus, the combined sampler with filters and adsorption tube was used for air sampling. Samples were analyzed by GC-MS. The gas fraction was dominated by dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), and the inhalable fraction by dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and 2-(diethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). The total concentration of phthalates in the respirable fraction in the furnished rooms was as much as 92% of the phthalates determined in the inhalable fraction. In the rooms immediately after renovation and those arranged and used by employees for 7 months, their concentration in the respirable fraction did not exceed 25% of the phthalates in the inhalable fraction. Phthalate concentration in the renovated rooms after 7 months of their usage dropped by 84% in relation to PAEs concentration in newly arranged rooms and by 68% in relation to the phthalate concentration in empty rooms.

Effect of Phthalates and Their Substitutes on the Physiology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

“…Human activities and urbanization have increased the discharge of phthalic esters into atmospheric and aquatic environments, and the use of agricultural plastics has exacerbated soil contamination in rural areas [13]. They can be found in soils at the concentration of 0.03-1280 mg•kg −1 , in sediments at 0.0003-218 mg•kg −1 , in drinking water at 0.16-170 µg•L −1 , in atmospheric air at 0.4-65 ng•L −1 , in indoor air at 20-240 ng•L −1 , in wastewater at 0.0004-58.3 g•L −1 , and in dust at 2.38-4.1 g•kg −1 [14][15][16][17]. As PVC is part of common food containers, phthalates are among the migrating molecules frequently found in food, and ingested doses can reach 18 µg•kg −1 •day −1 [18].…”

Ендокринні Дизраптори — Пренатальні Чинники Розладів Репродуктивного Здоров’я

“…Основними фталатними забруднювачами навколишнього середовища є ді(2-етилгексил)фталат і ДБФ [26,27]. Як ЕД фталати здійснюють помітний антиандрогенний [28,29] та слабкий естрогенний ефекти [30,31].…”

Indoor air quality (IAQ) in a naval ship after refit program: a time variation analysis

“…The ship's refurbishment activity indeed increased the concentration of PM10, as seen in the common room 2, officer's cabin 2, and gym during the first assessment. According to studies, renovation and refurbishment activities increase the concentration of PM10 in the surrounding air [16]. Since PM10 can adversely affect the health of the ship's crew, it can be avoided further by employing the individual prevention technique of wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) during the activity.…”