“…The concentration of phosphate in environmental water usually ranges from ten to several tens ng mL −1 [2]. Several alternative methods have also been developed for measuring low concentration of phosphate in a matrix, including ion exchange chromatography [3,4], gas chromatography with the phosphine generation system [5,6], amperometric detection [7], fluorometry [8,9] and enzymatic reaction [10,11], molybdenum blue methods [12] and flow injection [13].…”