Determination of phenols in natural and waste waters by capillary electrophoresis after preconcentration on magnetic nanoparticles coated with aminated hypercrosslinked polystyrene

Abstract

An efficient sorbent for magnetic solid-phase extraction was developed from Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles covered with aminated hypercrosslinked polystyrene. The sorbent has a saturation magnetization of 47 emu/g and a surface area of 509 mg/g and was tested for the extraction of 11 phenols from aqueous media. The optimum conditions were as follows: pH 3; adsorbent mass, 20.0 mg; adsorption time, 30 min; eluent (acetone) volume, 0.5 mL; and desorption time, 5 min. The enrichment factor after desorption reached 1595-1716 and the maximum adsorption capacity was 501-909 mg/g. Capillary electrophoresis was applied successively to separate 11 phenols after solid-phase extraction. The best separation was achieved using a fused silica capillary and borate buffer (pH 10.7) as a supporting electrolyte. After optimization, the linearity range was from 0.2 to 950 μg/L, and the limits of detection were 0.05-0.2 μg/L. The relative standard deviation varied from 6.1 to 8.7% (C = 1 μg/L) and from 2.9 to 3.5% (C = 500 μg/L). The determination of phenols is complicated in eutrophic water and spring water with a high content of humic and fulvic acids.

A capillary electrophoresis method for the determination of soluble monosaccharides in Ginkgo biloba leaves

“…IEC has been proven to be a selective and sensitive method for determining sugars directly without derivatization; however, this technique tends to co-elute mannose (Man) and xylose (Xyl) [25]. CE is a simple, fast, and environment-friendly analytical method that is often used to determine carbohydrates [26][27][28]. The main advantages of CE are low sample consumption, short analysis time, high resolution, simple operation, and nearly no consumption of organic solvents [29].…”

Capillary Electrophoresis: A Three-Year Literature Review

“…30 Gubin et al developed a magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) method for the selective enrichment of phenols and phenol derivatives in aqueous samples. 31 The magnetic nanosorbent was synthesized by coating the surface of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles with hyper-cross-linked polystyrene and modifying with amino derivatives to increase its hydrophilicity, thereby leading to a boosted affinity to the polar phenol derivatives. LOD values ranging from 0.04 to 0.2 μg/L were realized for 10 phenols and 2,4-dichlorphenoxyacetic acid in spiked deionized water samples.…”