Determination of phenol and o-cresol in soil extracts by flow injection analysis with spectrophotometric detection

Abstract

Neste trabalho, propõe-se a determinação de fenol e o-cresol por análise por injeção em fluxo (FIA) com detecção espectrofotométrica, utilizando a reação com 4-aminoantipirina, a fim de quantificar essas espécies em extratos de solo. Após otimização das condições por planejamento fatorial, constatou-se uma maior frequência de amostragem em comparação com o método convencional, bem como valores de recuperação, limites de detecção e de quantificação comparáveis para ambos os métodos. Tais aspectos sugerem que esse método pode ser uma alternativa viável para a determinação de compostos fenólicos em extratos de solos. Phenol and o-cresol determination by flow injection analysis (FIA) with spectrophotometric detection, employing the 4-aminoantipyrine reaction, is proposed in this work in order to quantify these species in soil extracts. The method was improved by a factorial planning, being verified a higher sampling rate in comparison with the conventional method, and recovery values, limits of detection and quantification similar for both methods. These aspects suggest this method as a feasible alternative for phenolic compound determinations in soil extracts.

Electrochemical Degradation of Phenol and Resorcinol Molecules through the Dissolution of Sacrificial Anodes of Macro-Corrosion Galvanic Cells

“…A major analysis of phenol content in wastewater was carried-out spectro-photometrically with 4-aminoantipyrine [25,26], where for every studied object two independent wastewater samples (5 and 10 mL) were collected for initial solution and after 6, and 12 h of the electrolyser's continuous operation. On the other hand, respective resorcinol analysis was carried-out based on the bromometric determination titration method [27,28].…”

Potential of Perionyx excavatus (Perrier) in lignocellulosic solid waste management and quality vermifertilizer production for soil health

“…The C/P ratio was calculated by dividing the percentage of carbon in the substrates by the percentage of phosphorus in the same substrates. The microbial activity in terms of dehydrogenase activity (Pepper et al 1995), lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose (Ververis et al 2007), phenol (Dolatto et al 2012) and humic acid content (Valdrighi et al 1996) was estimated by the standard methods.…”

Plackett-Burman Factorial Design for the Optimization of a Spectrophotometric Flow Injection Method for Phenol Determination in Tap and Bottled Water Using 4-Aminoantipyrine

“…Some authors have described how a flow system with higher flow-rates shortens the analysis time (50 determinations an hour) with a lineal range from 0.5 µg mL −1 to 16 µg mL −1 [17][18][19]. With the proposed method it was possible to increase the lineal range with a similar volume of reagents but with an injection volume of only 200 µL, in comparison with the 400 µL reported by Dolatto et al [19]. For the official spectrophotometric method, the lineal range was from 0.5 µg mL −1 to 20 µg mL −1 .…”

“…By flow injection analysis some methodologies have been able to determine very low phenol concentrations but by using a high injection volume (800 µL) and also high flow-rates, which causes an increase in the volume of the reagents used (0.8 ml min −1 for 4-aap and 1.2 ml min −1 for potassium hexacyanoferrate (iii) [17][18]. Other authors have evaluated the system used by Frenzel et al in 1992 by decreasing the injection volume to 400 µL, but the volume of reagents and the sampling throughput was the same [19]. These methods have enabled measuring concentrations of phenol from 0.5 µg mL −1 , a concentration higher than the permissible minimum.…”