Determination of pharmaceutical residues in waters by solid-phase extraction and large-volume on-line derivatization with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Lin, Wan Ching; Chen, Hsin‐Chang; Wang, Ding

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2004.12.081

Cited by 152 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The rapid increase in the use of pharmaceutical products is a new environmental concern and has attracted considerable attention worldwide. [4][5][6] Recent studies illustrate the omnipresence of numerous PPCPs in municipal wastewater effluents 1 and affected surface waters. 7) A class of compounds that are known as sunscreen agents as well as their structurally related transformation products are expected to present in aquatic environments [8][9][10] on the basis of their production and use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquatic Fate of Sunscreen Agents Octyl-4-methoxycinnamate and Octyl-4-dimethylaminobenzoate in Model Swimming Pools and the Mutagenic Assays of Their Chlorination Byproducts

Nakajima

Kawakami

Niino

et al. 2009

JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE

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Reactions of sunscreen agents, octyl dimethyl-p-aminobenzoate (ODPABA) and octyl-p-methoxycinnamate (OMC), with hypochlorite in aqueous solution were investigated under the conditions that simulate swimming pool disinfection sites. Chlorination byproducts were determined by GC-MS. At a concentration of 9 µM, ODPABA reacted rapidly with free chlorine in the buffered solution at pH 7.0, OMC reacted with hypochlorite reasonably slowly under the same condition. ODPABA and OMC produced chlorine-substituted compounds as intermediates, which were decomposed to cleavaged products of ester-bond during the aqueous chlorination process. The chlorination intermediates of OMC exhibited weak mutagenic on Salmonella typhimurium TA100 strain without the S9 mix. The extent of the reactions depended on the chlorine dose, solution pH, and compound structures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquatic Fate of Sunscreen Agents Octyl-4-methoxycinnamate and Octyl-4-dimethylaminobenzoate in Model Swimming Pools and the Mutagenic Assays of Their Chlorination Byproducts

Nakajima

Kawakami

Niino

et al. 2009

JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE

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“…Pharmaceutical substances are used in human and veterinary medicine and can enter the aquatic environment following their manufacture, use, or ingestion/excretion. The rapid increase in use of pharmaceutical products is a new environmental problem and has received attracted worldwide (Lin et al, 2005;Petrovic et al, 2005;Van De Steene et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical fate and changes in mutagenic activity of antibiotics nitrofurazone and furazolidone during aqueous chlorination

et al. 2008

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-Reactions of nitrofuran antibiotics (nitrofurazone (NFZ) and frazolidone (FZD)) with hypochlorite in aqueous solution were investigated under the conditions that simulate wastewater disinfection. The chlorination byproducts were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. At -rite reaction was reasonably slow under the same pH. Nevertheless, the strong mutagenic parents disappeared completely after the hypochlorite reactions, and the chlorination byproducts were observed to exert a weak mutagenic effect on Salmonella typhimurium TA100 without S9-mix. The extent of the reactions depended on the chlorine dose, solution pH and compound structures.

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“…Reddersen & Heberer (2003) developed a multi-compound method for the measurement of 21 pharmaceuticals and polar contaminants in environmental waters using SPE (C-18 cartridge), chemical derivatization and detection by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with SIM. Finally, Lin et al (2005) developed a method to analyse selected pharmaceutical residues using SPE (HLB cartridge) followed by GC/MS analysis with on-line derivatization.…”

Section: (B) Overview Of Current Analytical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the advantages of better sensitivity can sometimes be offset by loss of sample during the additional manipulation required for derivatization (Gómez et al 2007). Another drawback of derivatization is that it requires the use of reagents that may be highly toxic, carcinogenic and potentially explosive, such as diazomethane (Lin et al 2005;Fatta et al 2007). An ideal derivatization reaction permits the detection of compounds containing polar functional groups, leads to complete derivatization (greater than 90%) and is time efficient.…”

Section: (Iii) Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practical overview of analytical methods for endocrine-disrupting compounds, pharmaceuticals and personal care products in water and wastewater

Comerton

Bagley

2009

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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The detection of organic micropollutants, such as endocrine-disrupting compounds, pharmaceuticals and personal care products, in wastewater and the aquatic environment has brought increasing concern over their potential adverse ecological and human impacts. These compounds are generally present at trace levels (ng l −1 ) and in complex water matrices, such as wastewaters and surface waters, making their analysis difficult. Currently, no standardized analytical methods are available for the analysis of organic micropollutants in environmental waters. Owing to the diversity of physico-chemical properties exhibited by the various classes of organic micropollutants, the majority of established analytical methods described in the literature focus on a specific class of compounds, with few methods applicable to multi-class compound analysis. As such, analytical challenges and limitations contribute to the lack of understanding of the effectiveness of drinking water and wastewater treatment processes to remove organic micropollutants. This paper provides a practical overview of current analytical methods that have been developed for the analysis of multiple classes of organic micropollutants from various water matrices and describes the challenges and limitations associated with the development of these methods.

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Determination of pharmaceutical residues in waters by solid-phase extraction and large-volume on-line derivatization with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Cited by 152 publications

References 36 publications

Aquatic Fate of Sunscreen Agents Octyl-4-methoxycinnamate and Octyl-4-dimethylaminobenzoate in Model Swimming Pools and the Mutagenic Assays of Their Chlorination Byproducts

Aquatic Fate of Sunscreen Agents Octyl-4-methoxycinnamate and Octyl-4-dimethylaminobenzoate in Model Swimming Pools and the Mutagenic Assays of Their Chlorination Byproducts

Chemical fate and changes in mutagenic activity of antibiotics nitrofurazone and furazolidone during aqueous chlorination

Practical overview of analytical methods for endocrine-disrupting compounds, pharmaceuticals and personal care products in water and wastewater

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