Determination of pesticides in honey by ultrasonic solvent extraction and thin-layer chromatography

Abstract

A rapid method for quantitative determination of atrazine and simazine in honey samples was investigated. The procedure was based on the extraction of pesticides by sonication with benzene:water = 1:1 (v/v) mixture, thin-layer chromatographic separation and quantification by CAMAG Video Documentation system in conjunction with the Reprostar 3. The extraction procedure was optimized with regard to the amount of solvent, duration of sonication and the number of extraction steps. The apparent recovery of pesticides from honey was 92.3 +/- 2.4 for atrazine and 94.2 +/- 2.8 for simazine, when they were extracted in three steps for 20 min using 20 ml of solvent. Ultrasonic solvent extraction was compared with traditional shake-flask extraction method.

Review on Extraction Procedures and Chromatographic Techniques for Analysis of Multiple Pesticides Residues in Honey

“…It is less specific and sensitive technique and requires special equipment for visualization and quantification of results (Rezić, Horvat et al 2005). …”

Pesticide Residues in Bee Products

“…Special equipment is necessary in order to achieve the visualization and quantification of results. The TLC was used by Rezic et al (2005) to detect residues of herbicides atrazine and simazine in honey. The recovery rate was estimated at 92.3% and 94.2% for atrazine and simazine respectively.…”

“…After the dilution of the sample, an extraction with suitable organic solvents takes place, in order to collect the analyte and remove a large portion of co-extractives components. Several methods of the SE used combined with acidification of the sample (Waliszewski et al, 1998;Waliszewski et al, 2003;Bernal et al, 1997) or the use of ultrasound Rezic et al, 2005), in order to improve the efficiency. Due to the use of large quantities of organic solvents, the SE is particularly aggravating for the environment and the health of laboratory staff.…”

Otimização e validação de método empregando quechers modificado e lc-esi-ms/ms para determinação de agrotóxicos em cebola

“…A otimização das etapas envolvidas no preparo da mesma é essencial para reduzir o tempo e as fontes de erro relacionadas ao procedimento. 10 Dentre as técnicas mais utilizadas para a extração de agrotóxicos em alimentos, podem ser citadas a extração acelerada por solvente, 11 extração líquido-líquido, 12 extração por ultrassom, 13 extração com fluido supercrítico 14,15 e a extração por dispersão da matriz em fase sólida. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] Nos últimos anos, técnicas e métodos de preparo de amostra baseados na minimização do uso de solventes orgânicos para a extração de agrotóxicos foram desenvolvidos como, por exemplo, o método QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Ruged and Safe), o qual tem sido largamente empregado para determinação de agrotóxicos em matrizes complexas.…”