Determination of perchlorate in selected surface waters in the Great Lakes Basin by HPLC/MS/MS

Backus, Sean; Klawuun, P.; Brown, Scott; D'sa, Ivy; Sharp, Stephen R; Surette, Charline; Williams, D. J.

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.04.054

Cited by 74 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Interestingly, perchlorate was detected in Hamilton Harbor, the location of Canada Day fireworks (July 2004). Perchlorate was detected 4 days after the event; a week later perchlorate was undetected at the same site (35).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perchlorate Behavior in a Municipal Lake Following Fireworks Displays

Wilkin

Fine

Burnett

2007

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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After the fireworks displays, perchlorate concentrations decreased toward the background level within 20 to 80 days, with the rate of attenuation correlating to surface water temperature. Adsorption tests indicate that sediments underlying the water column have limited (<100 nmol/g) capacity to remove perchlorate via chemical adsorption. Microcosms showed comparatively rapid intrinsic perchlorate degradation in the absence of nitrate consistent with the observed disappearance of perchlorate from the study site. This suggests that at sites with appropriate biogeochemical conditions, natural attenuation may be an important factor affecting the fate of perchlorate following fireworks displays.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a previous study, Canadian surface waters in the Great Lakes Basin were analyzed for the presence of perchlorate (35). Sampling sites included Hamilton Harbor, Niagara River, Lake Huron, and Lake Erie.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perchlorate Behavior in a Municipal Lake Following Fireworks Displays

Wilkin

Fine

Burnett

2007

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…For example, as of March 2005, perchlorate contamination had been detected in 36 US states (http://www.epa.gov/fedfac/documents/detection_with_dates_03_25_05.xls). In 2005 perchlorate was reported in the Canadian Great Lakes, marking the first time that perchlorate contamination was identified outside the United States (Backus et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic perchlorate exposure impairs stickleback reproductive behaviour and swimming performance

Bernhardt

Hippel

2008

Behav

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SummaryWe describe behavioural changes in two generations of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of perchlorate. The first generation (G 0,2002 ) was exposed as two-year-old adults to perchlorate in experimental groups ranging in concentration from less than the method detection limit (<1.1 ppb) to 18.6 ppm for up to 22 days during their courtship, spawning, egg guarding, and first five days of fry guarding. No differences were noted in the behaviour or reproductive output of these fish that were exposed as adults. However, perchlorate exposure throughout development caused widespread effects in the second generation (G 1,2003 ), which was spawned and raised through sexual maturity in one of four nominal experimental groups (0, 30 and 100 ppm, and a 'variable' treatment that progressively increased from <1.1 ppb to approximately 60 ppm perchlorate). Dose-dependent effects were found during the G 1,2003 's swimming and behavioural evaluations, including higher mortality rates among treated fish following stressful events. Perchlorate-exposed fish had higher failure rates during swimming trials and failed at lower flow rates than control fish. A number of treated fish exhibited seizures. Progressively fewer males completed benchmark metrics, such as nest building, spawning, nursery formation, or fry production, in a dose-dependent manner. Fewer males from higher treatments courted females, and those that did initiated courtship later and had a reduced behavioural repertoire compared to fish from lower treatments. The lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) for swimming performance, reproductive behaviour, survivorship and recruitment was 30 ppm perchlorate (our lowest G 1,2003 treatment), and near complete inhibition of reproductive activity was noted among males raised in 100 ppm perchlorate. A small number of treated G 1,2003 females were isolated in aquaria, and some performed reproductive behaviour typical of males, such as biting, leading and zig-zagging in the presence of gravid females. These findings have profound implications for recruitment in wild fish populations exposed to perchlorate, and suggest that perchlorate may disrupt behaviour in other vertebrates as well.

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“…1 Perchlorate compounds are manufactured as its salts or perchloric acid. 2,3 Perchlorate compounds are widely used in various products: for example, as a primary ingredient of solid rocket propellant, blasting agents, fireworks, and automotive air bag inflators. 1 Since the late 1990s, perchlorate has been detected in surface, ground and drinking-water samples, human and cow's milk samples, and vegetable samples throughout the United States (US).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Method for Perchlorate in Water by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Using an Ion Exchange Column

et al. 2009

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A practical analytical method was developed for the routine analysis of perchlorate in environmental and drinking-water samples by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS) using an anion exchange column. By using 18 O-enriched perchlorate as an internal standard, the limits of quantification of perchlorate determined by tenfold of the signal-to-noise ratio and tenfold of the standard deviation were 0.1 and 0.03 mg L -1 , respectively. The perchlorate concentrations in the raw and finished water samples from seven water purification plants were determined by LC/ESI-MS. Perchlorate was detected in 12 out of 13 samples, and the perchlorate concentrations in the samples were from 0.1 to 36.1 mg L -1 .

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Determination of perchlorate in selected surface waters in the Great Lakes Basin by HPLC/MS/MS

Cited by 74 publications

References 20 publications

Perchlorate Behavior in a Municipal Lake Following Fireworks Displays

Perchlorate Behavior in a Municipal Lake Following Fireworks Displays

Chronic perchlorate exposure impairs stickleback reproductive behaviour and swimming performance

Analytical Method for Perchlorate in Water by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Using an Ion Exchange Column

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