Determination of oxygen in coal and coke using a radio-frequency heating method

An Essay on the Organic Geochemistry of Coal

“…Kinson and Belcher (1975) have expressed the view that provided mineral matter content is determined directly (e.g., by low-temperature ashing in an oxygen plasma; Miller et al, 1979), and provided all of the above steps are taken, the value for oxygen-by-difference should be good to ± 0.3%. The mineral matter can then be subtracted out if one wants the composition of the pure organic substance, or it can be left in if one wishes to use the analysis in following the effects of a chemical reaction.…”

A Review of Recent Research in Australia on Ironmaking

“…Work on coal chemical analysis has led to the direct determination of mineral matter and its water of hydration and direct oxygen determination. 4,11) The percentages of mineral matter and the five major organic elements must sum to 100±0.3 before an analysis is accepted.…”