Determination of oxygen concentrations by luminescence quenching of a polymer-immobilized transition-metal complex

Abstract

Oxygen quenching of the luminescence of the trls(4,7-dl-phenyP 1,10-phensnthrollne )ruthenlum( 11) perchlorate Immobilized In a silicone rubber Is shown to be an accurate and precise method for measuring oxygen concentrations In solutions and In the gas phase. Quenching can be quantitated by either lifetime or Intensity quenching measurements. Aqueous strong acids, bases, complexlng agents, oxidants, and reducíante do not penetrate the hydrophobic polymer and, therefore, do not affect the response. Gaseous Interference, such as H2S, anesthetic gases (e.g., N20, halothane), and fluorocarbons do not affect the response. Chlorine and especially S02 are strong, but fully reversible, Interferents. A system was developed with a response time of less than 0.2 s, which Is adequate for the monitoring of breathing subjects.

An optical oxygen sensor and reaction vessel for high‐pressure applications

“…The microscopic (optrode tip Ͻ 5 m) fiber-optic oxygen sensor of Rosenzweig and Kopelman (1995) showed Ͻ1-s response times and several orders of magnitude greater sensitivity than the larger optrodes reported above; however, because of its fragile nature and complex instrumentation requirements, it is more suited to the laboratory study of oxygen gradients than for the rigors of the field or hyperbaric use. Although we have not experimented with the long-term stability of the sensor film, our anecdotal observations support the characteristics exhibited by other oxygen optrodes, which have been shown to have exceptionally long shelf lives (Ͼ1 yr) and resistance to photobleaching (Wolfbeis et al 1986;Bacon and Demas 1987;Carraway et al 1991a;Klimant et al 1995).…”

“…The pioneering efforts of J. Peterson, O. Wolfbeis, and I. Klimant, as well as J. Bacon and J. Demas and their colleagues, have resulted in the engineering of several unique oxygen optrodes that are typically much more robust than their chemical or electrode counterparts (Peterson et al 1984;Wolfbeis et al 1986;Bacon and Demas 1987;Wolfbeis 1991). These sensors do not consume oxygen, have predictable temperature responses, are pressure insensitive, have fast response times and longterm stability, and can be made inert to many common laboratory anesthetics and other chemical interferents (e.g., DMSO, HCl, acetic acid, ethanol) (Bacon and Demas 1987;Carraway et al 1991a, b;Wolfbeis 1991).…”

“…The pioneering efforts of J. Peterson, O. Wolfbeis, and I. Klimant, as well as J. Bacon and J. Demas and their colleagues, have resulted in the engineering of several unique oxygen optrodes that are typically much more robust than their chemical or electrode counterparts (Peterson et al 1984;Wolfbeis et al 1986;Bacon and Demas 1987;Wolfbeis 1991). These sensors do not consume oxygen, have predictable temperature responses, are pressure insensitive, have fast response times and longterm stability, and can be made inert to many common laboratory anesthetics and other chemical interferents (e.g., DMSO, HCl, acetic acid, ethanol) (Bacon and Demas 1987;Carraway et al 1991a, b;Wolfbeis 1991). Although it has been tested in the biomedical field (e.g., Peterson et al 1984) and in a few other specialized biological applications (Preininger et al 1994;Singer et al 1994;Weigl et al 1994;Klimant et al 1995;Papkovsky 1995;Rosenzweig and Kopelman 1995), oxygen optrode technology has not yet seen wide adoption, especially in limnological and oceanographic studies.…”

Assessment of the uncertainty budget for the amperometric measurement of dissolved oxygen

“…The routine measurement of DO concentration is nowadays mostly performed via optical [8][9][10] or electrochemical sensors [3][4][5][6]. Both sensor types show similar accuracy [11] and exhibit remarkable advantages if compared to time-consuming redox chemical analysis, such as the Winkler's titration [12][13][14].…”

Characterization of a dissolved oxygen sensor made of plastic optical fiber coated with ruthenium-incorporated solgel

“…Considerable efforts have been devoted to development of optical and electrochemical methods for the quantitative analysis of O 2 . Bacon reported a study on a oxygen sensor made of a transition-metal complex immobilized in polymers [1]. Carraway gave a detailed study on the photo-physics of an oxygen sensor by using ruthenium (Ru) -incorporated silicon rubber, in which some models were proposed to explain quenching behaviors [2].…”