Determination of nitrophenols in soil

Vozňáková, Z.; Podehradská, J.; Kohlíčková, M.

doi:10.1016/0045-6535(96)00171-3

Cited by 20 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Nitroaromatic hydrocarbon compounds (NAHs) have been found in particulate matter (Herterich and Herrmann, 1990;Delhomme et al, 2010), rainwater (Grosjean, 1991;Belloli et al, 2006), clouds (Lüttke et al, 1997), water (Herterich, 1991;Rubio et al, 2012), snow (Leuenberger et al, 1988), soil (Vozňáková et al, 1996), and fog (Richartz et al, 1990;Harrison et al, 2005), and even in remote areas such as in Terra Nova Bay, Antarctica (Vanni et al, 2001). More recently, nitroaromatics have been reported in aerosol composition (Vidović et al, 2018) from urban area samples from Nagoya, Japan (Ikemori et al, 2019), Paris, France (Lanzafame et al, 2021), and Beijing, China (Wang et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigations into the gas-phase photolysis and OH radical kinetics of nitrocatechols: implications of intramolecular interactions on their atmospheric behaviour

et al. 2022

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Abstract. The Environmental Simulation Chamber made of Quartz from the University “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” (ESC-Q-UAIC), at Iasi, Romania, was used to investigate the gas-phase reaction rate coefficients for four nitrocatechols toward OH radicals under simulated atmospheric conditions. Employing relative rate techniques at a temperature of 298 ± 2 K and a total air pressure of 1 atm, the obtained rate coefficients (in 10−12 cm3 s−1) were as follows: k3NCAT = (3.41 ± 0.37) for 3-nitrocatechol and k5M3NCAT = (5.55 ± 0.45) for 5-methyl-3-nitrocatechol at 365 nm, using CH3ONO photolysis as OH radicals source and dimethyl ether and cyclohexane as reference compounds, and k4NCAT = (1.27 ± 0.19) for 4-nitrocatechol and k4M5NCAT = (0.92 ± 0.14) for 4-methyl-5-nitrocatechol at 254 nm using H2O2 as OH radicals source and dimethyl ether and methanol as reference compounds. The photolysis rates in the actinic region, scaled to atmospheric relevant conditions by NO2 photolysis, were evaluated for 3-nitrocatechol and 5-methyl-3-nitrocatechol: J3NCAT = (3.06 ± 0.16) × 10−4 s−1 and J5M3NCAT = (2.14 ± 0.18) × 10−4 s−1, respectively. The photolysis rate constants at 254 nm were measured for 4-nitrocatechol and 4-methyl-5-nitrocatechol and the obtained values are J4NCAT = (6.7 ± 0.1) × 10−5 s−1 and J4M5NCAT = (3.2 ± 0.3) × 10−5 s−1. Considering the obtained results, our study suggests that photolysis may be the main degradation process for 3-nitrocatechol and 5-methyl-3-nitrocatechol in the atmosphere, with a photolytic lifetime in the atmosphere of up to 2 h. Results are discussed in terms of the reactivity of the four nitrocatechols under investigation toward OH-radical-initiated oxidation and their structural features. The rate coefficient values of the nitrocatechols are also compared with those estimated from the structure-activity relationship for monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and assessed in relation to their gas-phase IR spectra. Additional comparison with similar compounds is also presented, underlining the implications toward possible degradation pathways and atmospheric behaviour.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigations into the gas-phase photolysis and OH radical kinetics of nitrocatechols: implications of intramolecular interactions on their atmospheric behaviour

et al. 2022

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“…Nitrobenzene determination. An ultrasonic extraction technique for nitrobenzene was adapted from the method of Vozňáková et al [7] . 2 g of treated soil was weighed and set in a 30 mL centrifuge tube, and accurate volume (10 mL) of aqueous solution of acetone and n-hexane (1:1, by volume) was also added.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Desorption of Nitrobenzene-Contaminated Soil in a Vertical Heating Oven

Zhang

Gao

Kong

2011

AMR

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The effects of desorption temperature, air flow rate and initial soil moisture on the desorption efficiency of nitrobenzene from contaminated soil were investigated. Experiments were conducted with Yellow-brown soil contaminated by nitrobenzene in a vertical heating oven. Results showed that there was a trend that desorption efficiency of nitrobenzene increased with the increase of desorption temperature. At 250 °C, when desorption time was 30 min, desorption efficiency reached 99.8%, and the residual concentration of nitrobenzene in treated soil was only 0.3 mg/kg, which was far less than the A-level limit of Standard of Soil Quality Assessment for Exhibition Sites of China (HJ 350-2007). Besides, both too high and too low air flow rates were not in favor of nitrobenzene desorption. When the air flow rate was 2.6 m3/h, a maximal desorption efficiency reached during the early thermal desorption. In addition, initial soil moisture had a significant influence on desorption efficiency during the early thermal desorption. Nevertheless, with increasing desorption time, the effect of soil moisture diminished gradually and when desorption time reached 30 min, the effect nearly disappeared. The results obtained from this work could provide some scientific foundations for the practical soil remediation for nitrobenzene-contaminated sites by thermal desorption technology.

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“…Nitrophenols are well known environmental trace compounds and pollutants [1,2], which have been detected in various environmental matrices including air [3][4][5][6], rainwater [3,[7][8][9], cloud water [10], fog [10,11], snow [1], atmospheric aerosol [4][5][6][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25], soils [26,27], and surface waters [10,[28][29][30][31][32]. They originate from many anthropogenic and natural sources including: the incineration of wastes [33], industrial chemical processes [34], combustion of coal and biomass as well as vehicle and aviation fuels [35][36][37], degradation of pesticides [34,38,39], release of wood preservatives…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aqueous Reactions of Sulfate Radical-Anions with Nitrophenols in Atmospheric Context

Rudziński

Szmigielski

2019

Atmosphere

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Nitrophenols, hazardous environmental pollutants, react promptly with atmospheric oxidants such as hydroxyl or nitrate radicals. This work aimed to estimate how fast nitrophenols are removed from the atmosphere by the aqueous-phase reactions with sulfate radical-anions. The reversed-rates method was applied to determine the relative rate constants for reactions of 2-nitrophenol, 3-nitrophenol, 4-nitrophenol, 2,4-dinitrophenol, and 2,4,6-trinitrophenol with sulfate radical-anions generated by the autoxidation of sodium sulfite catalyzed by iron(III) cations at ~298 K. The constants determined were: 9.08 × 108, 1.72 × 109, 6.60 × 108, 2.86 × 108, and 7.10 × 107 M−1 s−1, respectively. These values correlated linearly with the sums of Brown substituent coefficients and with the relative strength of the O–H bond of the respective nitrophenols. Rough estimation showed that the gas-phase reactions of 2-nitrophenol with hydroxyl or nitrate radicals dominated over the aqueous-phase reaction with sulfate radical-anions in deliquescent aerosol and haze water. In clouds, rains, and haze water, the aqueous-phase reaction of 2-nitrophenol with sulfate radical-anions dominated, provided the concentration of the radical-anions was not smaller than that of the hydroxyl or nitrate radicals. The results presented may be also interesting for designers of advanced oxidation processes for the removal of nitrophenol.

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Determination of nitrophenols in soil

Cited by 20 publications

References 3 publications

Investigations into the gas-phase photolysis and OH radical kinetics of nitrocatechols: implications of intramolecular interactions on their atmospheric behaviour

Investigations into the gas-phase photolysis and OH radical kinetics of nitrocatechols: implications of intramolecular interactions on their atmospheric behaviour

Thermal Desorption of Nitrobenzene-Contaminated Soil in a Vertical Heating Oven

Aqueous Reactions of Sulfate Radical-Anions with Nitrophenols in Atmospheric Context

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