Determination of nitrate isotopic signature in waters of different sources by analysing the nitrogen and oxygen isotopic ratio

Koszelnik, Piotr; Gruca–Rokosz, Renata

doi:10.1039/c3em30920g

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(89 reference statements)

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“…Groundwater samples were used as the source of NO − 3 from pristine land (Deutsch et al, 2006). Their δ 15 N-NO − 3 and δ 18 O-NO − 3 values significantly differed from those of agricultural runoff (p < 0.05) but were similar to the values of other areas, such as Biscuit Brook (Burns et al, 2009) and the San River (Koszelnik and Gruca-Rokosz, 2013), where pristine soils were sampled and reflect nitrification activity in soils unaffected by human activity.…”

Section: F Korth Et Al: Nitrate Source Identification In the Balticmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Similar δ 15 N-NO − 3 values were reported for areas where pristine soils were also sampled. For example, δ 15 N-NO − 3 and δ 18 O-NO − 3 values of 1.9 and 2.8 ‰ were determined for Biscuit Bay (Burns et al, 2009) and 2.9 and 2.8 ‰ for the San River (Koszelnik and Gruca-Rokosz, 2013), respectively. The higher δ 18 O-NO − 3 values of the Kalix River can, as discussed above, be attributed to atmospheric deposition.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Nitrate source identification in the Baltic Sea using its isotopic ratios in combination with a Bayesian isotope mixing model

Korth

Deutsch²,

Frey³

et al. 2014

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. Nitrate (NO3−) is the major nutrient responsible for coastal eutrophication worldwide and its production is related to intensive food production and fossil-fuel combustion. In the Baltic Sea NO3− inputs have increased 4-fold over recent decades and now remain constantly high. NO3− source identification is therefore an important consideration in environmental management strategies. In this study focusing on the Baltic Sea, we used a method to estimate the proportional contributions of NO3− from atmospheric deposition, N2 fixation, and runoff from pristine soils as well as from agricultural land. Our approach combines data on the dual isotopes of NO3− (δ15N-NO3− and δ18O-NO3−) in winter surface waters with a Bayesian isotope mixing model (Stable Isotope Analysis in R, SIAR). Based on data gathered from 47 sampling locations over the entire Baltic Sea, the majority of the NO3− in the southern Baltic was shown to derive from runoff from agricultural land (33–100%), whereas in the northern Baltic, i.e. the Gulf of Bothnia, NO3− originates from nitrification in pristine soils (34–100%). Atmospheric deposition accounts for only a small percentage of NO3− levels in the Baltic Sea, except for contributions from northern rivers, where the levels of atmospheric NO3− are higher. An additional important source in the central Baltic Sea is N2 fixation by diazotrophs, which contributes 49–65% of the overall NO3− pool at this site. The results obtained with this method are in good agreement with source estimates based upon δ15N values in sediments and a three-dimensional ecosystem model, ERGOM. We suggest that this approach can be easily modified to determine NO3− sources in other marginal seas or larger near-coastal areas where NO3− is abundant in winter surface waters when fractionation processes are minor.

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Section: F Korth Et Al: Nitrate Source Identification In the Balticmentioning

confidence: 94%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrate source identification in the Baltic Sea using its isotopic ratios in combination with a Bayesian isotope mixing model

Korth

Deutsch²,

Frey³

et al. 2014

Biogeosciences

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“…Thus, oxygen isotope may be not effectively used to identify nitrate sources derived from human activities but may be used to distinguish nitrate derived from unprocessed atmospheric nitrate from nitrogen biochemical processes such as nitrification. Koszelnik and Gruca-Rokosz (2013), for example, argued that NO 3 − from wells and ditches located in hardwood forests was derived from the soil where nitrification generated δ 18 O-NO 3 − values in the range of those typically associated with nitrification. Similarly, Tobari et al (2010) estimated the contribution of atmospheric NO 3 − in streams draining forest watersheds in Japan by using O isotopes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A stable isotope approach and its application for identifying nitrate source and transformation process in water

Kang

Sun

2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Nitrate contamination of water is a worldwide environmental problem. Recent studies have demonstrated that the nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) isotopes of nitrate (NO3(-)) can be used to trace nitrogen dynamics including identifying nitrate sources and nitrogen transformation processes. This paper analyzes the current state of identifying nitrate sources and nitrogen transformation processes using N and O isotopes of nitrate. With regard to nitrate sources, δ(15)N-NO3(-) and δ(18)O-NO3(-) values typically vary between sources, allowing the sources to be isotopically fingerprinted. δ(15)N-NO3(-) is often effective at tracing NO(-)3 sources from areas with different land use. δ(18)O-NO3(-) is more useful to identify NO3(-) from atmospheric sources. Isotopic data can be combined with statistical mixing models to quantify the relative contributions of NO3(-) from multiple delineated sources. With regard to N transformation processes, N and O isotopes of nitrate can be used to decipher the degree of nitrogen transformation by such processes as nitrification, assimilation, and denitrification. In some cases, however, isotopic fractionation may alter the isotopic fingerprint associated with the delineated NO3(-) source(s). This problem may be addressed by combining the N and O isotopic data with other types of, including the concentration of selected conservative elements, e.g., chloride (Cl(-)), boron isotope (δ(11)B), and sulfur isotope (δ(35)S) data. Future studies should focus on improving stable isotope mixing models and furthering our understanding of isotopic fractionation by conducting laboratory and field experiments in different environments.

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“…The above analyses suggest that nitrate pollution in the river basin might be mainly sourced from the use of chemical fertilizer and pesticide in the agricultural areas, domestic sewage and industrial wastewater discharge. Fertilizer is one of the main sources of nitrate pollution in the studied waters, which has a great impact on the water quality in the study area [3,42]. Furthermore, about 5%-10% of applied fertilizer can enter into groundwater [43].…”

Section: Spatial Distribution Of Nitrate and Its Controlling Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrate Pollution and Preliminary Source Identification of Surface Water in a Semi-Arid River Basin, Using Isotopic and Hydrochemical Approaches

Xue

Song

Zhang

et al. 2016

Water

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Nitrate contamination in rivers has raised widespread concern in the world, particularly in arid/semi-arid river basins lacking qualified water. Understanding the nitrate pollution levels and sources is critical to control the nitrogen input and promote a more sustainable water management in those basins. Water samples were collected from a typical semi-arid river basin, the Weihe River watershed, China, in October 2014. Hydrochemical assessment and nitrogen isotopic measurement were used to determine the level of nitrogen compounds and identify the sources of nitrate contamination. Approximately 32.4% of the water samples exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) drinking water standard for NO 3´-N. Nitrate pollution in the main stream of the Weihe River was obviously much more serious than in the tributaries. The δ 15 N-NO 3´o f water samples ranged from +8.3 to +27.0. No significant effect of denitrification on the shift in nitrogen isotopic values in surface water was observed by high dissolved oxygen (DO) values and linear relationship diagram between NO 3´-N and δ 15 N-NO 3´, except in the Weihe River in Huayin County and Shitou River. Analyses of hydrochemistry and isotopic compositions indicate that domestic sewage and agricultural activities are the main sources of nitrate in the river.

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Determination of nitrate isotopic signature in waters of different sources by analysing the nitrogen and oxygen isotopic ratio

Cited by 9 publications

References 38 publications

Nitrate source identification in the Baltic Sea using its isotopic ratios in combination with a Bayesian isotope mixing model

Nitrate source identification in the Baltic Sea using its isotopic ratios in combination with a Bayesian isotope mixing model

A stable isotope approach and its application for identifying nitrate source and transformation process in water

Nitrate Pollution and Preliminary Source Identification of Surface Water in a Semi-Arid River Basin, Using Isotopic and Hydrochemical Approaches

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