Determination of neurosteroids in human cerebrospinal fluid in the 21st century: A review

Teubel, Juliane; Parr, Maria Kristina

doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105753

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 151 publications

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“…Certainly, such seemingly small chemical and physicochemical differences between methyltestosterone and testosterone may not be a complete explanation for such differences, but an established equilibrium for a molecule that has evolved with mammals for millions of years versus a synthetically altered version is not completely surprising. It should also be noted that even in this study, though often cited as evidence that AASs are capable of reaching micromolar concentrations in the human brain [ 28 ], mean concentrations were actually 233 nmol, with a maximum range of 898 nmol in the CSF, which itself can only be considered a potential surrogate of brain concentrations [ 58 , 65 ].…”

Section: In Vitro Datamentioning

confidence: 84%

Misadventures in Toxicology: Concentration Matters for Testosterone-Induced Neurotoxicity

Willson¹

2023

Toxics

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Testosterone is the predominant androgen in men and has important physiological functions. Due to declining testosterone levels from a variety of causes, testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is increasingly utilized, while testosterone is also abused for aesthetic and performance-enhancing purposes. It has been increasingly speculated that aside from more well-established side effects, testosterone may cause neurological damage. However, the in vitro data utilized to support such claims is limited due to the high concentrations used, lack of consideration of tissue distribution, and species differences in sensitivity to testosterone. In most cases, the concentrations studied in vitro are unlikely to be reached in the human brain. Observational data in humans concerning the potential for deleterious changes in brain structure and function are limited by their inherent design as well as significant potential confounders. More research is needed as the currently available data are limited; however, what is available provides rather weak evidence to suggest that testosterone use or abuse has neurotoxic potential in humans.

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Section: In Vitro Datamentioning

confidence: 84%

Misadventures in Toxicology: Concentration Matters for Testosterone-Induced Neurotoxicity

Willson¹

2023

Toxics

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“…Urinary steroid profiling has been an integral part of the diagnosis of steroid metabolism disorders for several decades (since the 1960s) [33]. Great interest is focused on the analysis of steroids in human CSF [12,32,[34][35][36]. CSF is the only matrix that can be obtained from living donors and it allows for the monitoring of brain metabolism.…”

Section: Types Of Biological Matricesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the trace levels of neurosteroids in CSF, great demands are also placed on analytical techniques. The interested reader is referred to the cited reference for detailed description of CSF analysis [34].…”

Section: Types Of Biological Matricesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Methods for the Determination of Neuroactive Steroids

et al. 2021

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Neuroactive steroids are a family of all steroid-based compounds, of both natural and synthetic origin, which can affect the nervous system functions. Their biosynthesis occurs directly in the nervous system (so-called neurosteroids) or in peripheral endocrine tissues (hormonal steroids). Steroid hormone levels may fluctuate due to physiological changes during life and various pathological conditions affecting individuals. A deeper understanding of neuroactive steroids’ production, in addition to reliable monitoring of their levels in various biological matrices, may be useful in the prevention, diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of some neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. The aim of this review is to highlight the most relevant methods currently available for analysis of neuroactive steroids, with an emphasis on immunoanalytical methods and gas, or liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry.

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