Determination of natural radioactivity and the associated radiation hazards in building materials used in Polur, Tiruvannamalai District, Tamilnadu, India using gamma ray spectrometry with statistical approach

Radioactivity and radiological hazards from a kaolin mining field in Ifonyintedo, Nigeria

“…The H Ex in this study varied between 0.32 and 0.47, with the mean of 0.37. As reported by Ravisankar [ 32 ], the internal exposure to radon and its progeny is managed by H In . Therefore, the H In from the kaolin deposits in this study as presented in Table 3 ranged from 0.37 to 0.61, with the overall mean of 0.48.…”

“…By comparing the community weighted values with the overall mean values in Table 1 , it is revealed that 40 K and DR were below the permissible limit, while 238 U and 232 Th were above the community weighted values by the factors of 1.2 and 1.4 respectively. Since the estimated mean values presented in Table 1 are greater than their respective standard deviation values, it indicates that there is high degree of uniformity in the presented data sets [ 32 ]. The comparative analysis of the measured radionuclides and DR with some selected studies from literature is revealed in Table 2 .…”

“…Eqs. (5) and (6) were used to determined the radiation hazards emanating from the field and the mined kaolin [ 32 ]. where AC U , AC Th and AC K have been defined in Eq.…”

Estimation of Natural Radionuclides and Rare Earth Elements Concentration of the Rocks of Abu Khuruq Ring Complex, Egypt

“…The alpha index (I α ) estimates radon inhalation for the emitted radon from building materials [24][25][26][27]. This index is determined through the specific activity concentration of 226 Ra, AC Ra which is in Bq kg −1…”

“…where AC Ra is the activity concentration of the alpha emitter 226 Ra (Bq kg −1 ). If the activity concentations of radium in a construction material exceeds 200 Bq kg −1 , radon exhalation from a material may have an adverse effect of increase of indoor radon concentrations more than the recommended reference value of 200 Bq m −3 [27,28]; thus, the recommended safe limit is less than or equal to unity. The values of I α varied from 0.02 to 1.61, and its average was 0.37, which is well within the recommended upper level.…”