Determination of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) in oranges, tangerines, and processed products: high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorometric detection

Abstract

A rapid procedure involving high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorometric detection is described which is capable of analyzing tangerines and oranges, as well as their processed fractions, for residues of NAA as low as 0.008 ppm. Sulfuric acid is used to release conjugates for extraction with methylene chloride, followed by partitioning between ethyl ether and potassium hydrogen phosphate for cleanup. The insensitivity of the fluorometer to pulsatile flow allows the use of an economical single piston solvent pump for chromatography. Residues were measured in ' Dancy ' tangerines and processed fractions in one disappearance experiment and in ' Pineapple ' orange in another.

A method for the quantitative determination of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid, 1-naphthalenylacetylaspartic acid, and 1-.beta.-D-glucose-.alpha.-naphthaleneacetate in grapes

“…Actual high-performance liquid chromatograms of (A) 0.5 ng of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid standard, (B) the equivalent extractives of 10 mg of untreated Zinfandel grapes, (C) the equivalent extractives of 10 mg of untreated Zinfandel grapes fortified with 0.05 ppm of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid, (D) the equivalent extractives of 10 mg of Zinfandel grapes field-treated with a 100-ppm solution of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid which resulted in a residue at harvest (126 days after treatment) of 0.22 ppm of total 1-naphthaleneacetic acid and its major conjugates. sulfuric acid (Moye and Wheaton, 1979). The NAA was partitioned twice with 3 mL of chloroform and analyzed by HPLC.…”

“…Shindy et al (1973) found when Kinnow mandarin fruits were dipped in aqueous solutions of [14C]-a-naphthaleneacetic acid and extracts of the tissue were analyzed that a significant amount of the NAA was converted into NAAsp and NAGlu. Several investigators have previously published methods for the analysis of NAA by electron affinity (Bache et al, 1964), ultraviolet absorption (Bache et al, 1962), and high-performance liquid chromatography (Co-chrane and Lanouette, 1972; Moye and Wheaton, 1979), but the conjugates NAAsp and NAGlu would not have been detected primarily due to the methods of extraction as well as the cleanup procedures.…”

Recent applications of high pressure liquid chromatography* to food analysis

“…Even in those cases where GC is not ideal, for example with carbamates, HPLC still requires a fluorometric labelling stage to increase sensitivity to provide a viable alternative (Krause, 1978;Lawrence & Leduc, 1978a). In spite of these limitations a number of methods continue to be published for specific pesticides, including diflubenzuron (Di Prima et al, 1978), carbaryl in potato and corn (Lawrence & Leduc, 1978b), paraquat in sunflower (Paschal et al, 1979), pentachlorophenol residues (Faas & Moore, 1979), ethoxyquin in apples (Ernst & Verveld-Roeer, 1979), 2-imidazoline in fruit (Newsome & Panopio, 1978), and naphthaleneacetic acid, a plant growth regulator, in fruit (Moye & Wheaton, 1978;Cochrane & Lanouetre, 1979).…”

Fast Kinetic Determination of 1-Naphthylacetic Acid in Commercial Formulations, Soils, and Fruit Samples Using Stopped-Flow Phosphorimetry

“…It is possible to find several papers in the bibliography proposing different analytical methods for the determination of 1-naphthylacetic acid in commercial formulations, water, soil, and vegetables. These methods include spectrofluorometry ( − ), high-performance liquid chromatography ( − ), gas chromatography () and its combination with mass spectrometry (), and room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) induced by β-cyclodextrin or using a micellar agent ( − ). Although these techniques cover a wide range of analytical procedures, none of them is based in its kinetic determination, which makes its rapid analysis and automation possible.…”