Determination of mono- and non-o,o′-chlorine substituted polychlorinated biphenyls in Aroclors and environmental samples

Schwartz, Ted R.; Tillitt, Donald E.; Feltz, Kevin P.; Peterman, Paul H.

doi:10.1016/0045-6535(93)90212-n

Cited by 52 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This suggests that insignificant concentrations of these CBs were present in our lobster samples and the Aroclors®. Our CB concentrations in the Aroclors® are comparable to those given in Schwartz et al (1993) and in Hong et al (1993).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 65%

Non-, Mono-, and Di- o -Chlorobiphenyl Concentrations and Their Toxic Equivalents to 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo[ p ]dioxin in Aroclors® and Digestive Glands from American Lobster ( Homarus americanus ) Captured in Atlantic Canada

King

Haines

Uthe

1996

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are contaminants of concern in coastal marine fisheries. Much of their toxicity is associated with chlorobiphenyls (CBs) that can assume a planar configuration, the non-o-chlorinated ones; 3, 3',4,4',3',4,4',5, being the most toxic (Kannan et al. 1993). These and their mono-and di-ochlorinated analogs are similar in structure and toxicity to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo[ p]dioxin (Hühnerfuss et al. 1995;Kannan et al. 1993) and are generally present in environmental materials at higher concentrations than the chlorinated dioxins (de Voogt et al. 1990). The toxic equivalent factors (TEFs) of selected non-, mono-, and di-o-chlorinated CBS to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo[p]dioxin that were originally estimated by Safe (1990), have been modified later (Hühnerfuss et al. 1995), and subjected to a panel opinion (Ahlborg et al. 1994).Due to its high fat content, PCBs are found in the digestive glands of American lobsters (Homarus americanus). We have investigated concentrations of CBS in lobster digestive gland and the Aroclors ® . The Aroclors were analyzed to assist in the identification of possible sources of the CBS found in lobster samples. MATERIALS AND METHODSMarket-sized lobsters (usually 10) were captured with commercial gear in: Halifax (large industrialized harbor), Sydney (site of a massive coal tar dump), and Petit-deGrat (site of a large fish plant) Harbors, Nova Scotia; at the dredge spoil dump at Saint John Harbor (New Brunswick); and in St. Margarets Bay, Nova Scotia (Control). The digestive glands were removed and two pools (usually 5 animals per pool) from each site prepared and stored frozen. PCBs were extracted into isooctane from saponified tissue and cleaned up by gel-permeation chromatography and treatment with sulfuric acid. Non-o-chlorinated CBs (IUPAC Nos. 37, 77, 126, were separated from the rest (Fraction 1) by Florisil:carbon chromatography and analyzed by capillary gas chromatography-selected ion mass (SIM) spectrometry (King et al. 1996). CB standards were obtained from Ultra Scientific, Kingstown, Rhode Island., CB standard mixtures, CLB1A-D, from The

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 65%

Non-, Mono-, and Di- o -Chlorobiphenyl Concentrations and Their Toxic Equivalents to 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo[ p ]dioxin in Aroclors® and Digestive Glands from American Lobster ( Homarus americanus ) Captured in Atlantic Canada

King

Haines

Uthe

1996

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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“…These are among the numerous compounds that are causing concern because of their potential as endocrine disruptors in (Ankley and Giesy 1998;. Contaminant-induced embryonic mortality and malformation, as well as reduced reproductive success, have been well described in birds exposed to dietary PCBs (Fernie et al 2001a(Fernie et al , 2001bGilbertson et al 1991;Hoffman et al 1996;Kozie and Anderson 1991;Schwartz et al 1993).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid Hormone Suppression and Cell-Mediated Immunomodulation in American Kestrels ( Falco sparverius ) Exposed to PCBs

Smits

Fernie

Bortolotti

et al. 2002

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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“…Schwartz et al (1993) reported 71 ng/g of PCB congener 126 in a bald eagle egg containing a deformed embryo. This concentration is over 10-fold higher than the LD50 in the chicken egg (Brunstrom and Andersson, 1988) and slightly higher than the LD50 in the American kestrel egg (Hoffman et al, 1995).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Toxicity of PCB 126 (3,3′,4,4′,5-Pentachlorobiphenyl) in Nestling American Kestrels (Falco sparverius)

HOFFMAN¹,

MELANCON²,

KLEIN³

et al. 1996

Toxicol Sci

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Determination of mono- and non-o,o′-chlorine substituted polychlorinated biphenyls in Aroclors and environmental samples

Cited by 52 publications

References 25 publications

Non-, Mono-, and Di- o -Chlorobiphenyl Concentrations and Their Toxic Equivalents to 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo[ p ]dioxin in Aroclors® and Digestive Glands from American Lobster ( Homarus americanus ) Captured in Atlantic Canada

Non-, Mono-, and Di- o -Chlorobiphenyl Concentrations and Their Toxic Equivalents to 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo[ p ]dioxin in Aroclors® and Digestive Glands from American Lobster ( Homarus americanus ) Captured in Atlantic Canada

Thyroid Hormone Suppression and Cell-Mediated Immunomodulation in American Kestrels ( Falco sparverius ) Exposed to PCBs

Developmental Toxicity of PCB 126 (3,3′,4,4′,5-Pentachlorobiphenyl) in Nestling American Kestrels (Falco sparverius)

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