Determination of mobile form contents of Zn, Cd, Pb and Cu in soil extracts by combined stripping voltammetry

Sample Preparation Techniques for the Electrochemical Determination of Metals in Environmental and Food Samples

“…30 Additionally, ultrasound has been addressed for sample preparation especially to assist extractions methods. Following this strategy, microwave irradiation has been explored to accelerate extractions with the additional advantage of employing softer conditions of heating and reagents than the ones demanded in digestions.…”

Fractionation and Speciation of Trace Elements in Soil Solution

“…In some studies, the test sample is deliberately perturbed by addition of a synthetic ligand forming well-known soluble voltammetrically labile or inert complexes with the test metal or complexes adsorbed on the electrodes, as in the AdSV technique, after which the free ion concentrations are computed from the known stability constants of the test metals with the synthetic ligands [111]. In another approach, trace metals are directly analysed in the unperturbed soil solution or a soil extract [120][121][122], or in an acid soil digest when the determination of (pseudo)total trace element contents in the soil solid fraction is targeted [114]. A simplified soil extraction procedure in combination with DPASV measurement which can yield semiquantitative data for rapid field-based screening of contaminated sites was recently developed [123].…”

A novel colorimetric probe derived from isonicotic acid hydrazide for copper (II) determination based on internal charge transfer (ICT)

“…So far, many methods have been described for the detection of Cu 2+ , including atomic absorption spectrometry [10,11], inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) [12][13][14], inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) [15,16], voltammetry [17,18], capillary electrophoresis [19]. Although each method has its own advantages, these methods are limited in their use for in situ and on-line monitoring because of their size, expensive instruments, tedious separation and analysis time for laboratories operating in routine with large amount of samples to be analyzed [20][21][22].…”