Determination of Metoclopramide Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Formulations Using Three Different Spectrophotometric Methods

Abstract

Three simple, selective, accurate and precise spectrophotometric methods were developed for the determination of Metoclopramide Hydrochloride (MCP) in dosage forms. The first method (Method A) is based on coupling reaction of diazotized MCP with 2,5-diphenyl-2,4-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one (DPP) in alkaline medium to form azo dye. The second method (Method B) is based on Schiff's base formation reaction between MCP and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (HBD). The last method (Method C) is based on the formation of colored ion-pair complex from the reaction of MCP with Eosin Y (ESN). Beer's law was obeyed in the concentration range of 1.35-40.37, 1.01-5.05 and 1.01-10.09 µg/mL MCP at 426, 386 and 543 nm with molar absorptivity of 1.51×10 4 L mol -1 cm -1 , 2.10×10 4 L mol -1 cm -1 and 3.34×10 4 L mol -1 cm -1 for Method A, Method B and Method C, respectively. The proposed methods were successfully applied to the determination of MCP in pharmaceutical preparations without any interference from common excipients.

Sustainable eco-friendly ratio-based spectrophotometric and HPTLC-densitometric methods for simultaneous analysis of co-formulated anti-migraine drugs with overlapped spectra

“…The critical difference in the ratio between the two co-formulated drugs made their simultaneous analysis challenging. The literature reveals several methods for the analysis of ASP as single or with other drugs by spectrophotometry [ 3 – 9 ] and by TLC-densitometry [ 10 – 12 ] and for MET determination; spectrophotometric methods [ 13 – 18 ], and TLC methods [ 19 , 20 ]. For the binary mixture, there are two reported spectrophotometric methods; the first one used the first derivative spectrophotometry and applied on laboratory prepared tablets which did not consider the critical ratio between the two drugs in the market pharmaceutical formulation (90: 1, ASP: MET) [ 21 ] and the second used absorptivity centering technique with complicated multi-mathematical operations [ 22 ].…”

Spectrophotometric Determination of Metoclopramide Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Formulations Using Diazotization Coupling Reaction

“…Along with other spectrophotometric techniques, including oxidative-coupling reactions [14][15][16], oxidation-reduction reactions [17], charge transfer complexes [18], ion-pair complexes [19], Schiff's bases [20,21], complexes after oxidation of metoclopramide [22,23], UV method [24], and interaction between the amino groups in MCPD and 1,2-naphthoquinone [25]. Numerous additional methods, including HPLC [26], LC-MS [27], LC-MS/MS [28], flow injection [29], electrochemiluminescence [30]and capillary electrophoresis [31], volumetric oxidation [ 32], potentiometric sensor [33], molar refraction and polarizability [34], atomic absorption [35], quenched continuous fluorescence [36] and spectrofluorometric [37]., have also been employed to assess MCPD.…”

Spectrophotometric Determination of Metoclopramide Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Preparations Via Schiff ’s Base Reaction

“…There are different spectrophotometric methods in which metoclopramide has been estimated using different reagents in various types of reactions, such as Schiff's bases [5,6],diazotization coupling [7],ion pair [8]. The spectrofluorometric method [9].…”