Determination of methyltin(IV) and tin(IV) species in water by gas chromatography/atomic absorption spectrophotometry

Abstract

The highly polar and solvated methyltln, dlmethyltln, trlmethyltln, and Sn(IV) species are extracted Into benzene

Rapid and direct speciation of methyltins in seawater by an on-line coupled high performance liquid chromatography–hydride generation–ICP/MS system

“…The concentrations of methyltins in our results are consistent with the previous work conducted in Ontario Lake water [7], which contains 0.53-1.22 ng (Sn) mL −1 MMT, 0.10-0.40 ng (Sn) mL −1 DMT, and below detection limit of TMT. Furthermore, the omnipresent Table 2 Some analytical performance data of the proposed method…”

“…Then samples were cleaned up and concentrated [6] GC-AAS Lake water (5-10 L) Extraction with benzene containing tropolone from water saturated with sodium chloride, butylation to form tetramethylbutyltins. Then samples were cleaned up and concentrated [7] GC-FPD SnCl2 reaction solution (1-2 mL) Samples were placed in a centrifugation tube together with citric acid-NaH2PO4 buffer solution (pH 5.0). The internal standard (MeSnPr3) and 0.1% tropolone-cyclohexane were added.…”

“…Up to date the occurrence of methyltin compounds have been found in many different environmental media such as seawater [3,4], river water [5,6], lake water [6,7], sediments [8] and biological samples [3]. In addition to the anthropogenic sources [1], methyltins can be produced by the biotic and abiotic methylation [9][10][11].…”

“…Methods based on coupling GC with different detectors such as atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) [7], quartz surface-induced luminescence flame photometric detector (QSIL-FPD) [12] and mass spectrometry (MS) [13] are commonly used. However, the major limitation of these methods is that methyltins have to be off-line derivatized with sodium borohydride, sodium tetraethylborate or Grignard reagents [14].…”

Determination of Butyltin Compounds in Aqueous Samples by Gas Chromatography with Flame Photometric Detector and Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction after in-situ Hydride Derivatization

“…Among these, gas chromatography (GC) combined with different detection techniques is often the analytical method of choice because of its high separation ability, high sensitivity and high selectivity. [1][2][3][4][5] In general, for effective GC separation, it is mandatory to derivatize the polar and ionic species by alkylation using Grignard reagent (RMgBr) or sodium tetraethylborate (NaBEt4) or by hydride generation using sodium tetrahydroborate (NaBH4). However, the use of a Grignard reagent requires a complexation reaction and extraction into an organic solvent, because the reaction must be carried out in a completely dry medium; it is thus quite tedious and time consuming.…”